MENTAL DISORDERS CLASSIFICATION

I. Прочтите предложения, обращая внимание на II и III форму глагола, и переведите:

1. The new achievement made in this field is of great value.

2. The given interaction is a result of close communication.

3. He spoke of the results obtained, consultations made and future plans taken.

4. The realized plans were connected with the experiments carried out in the

laboratory.

5. In ancient times science was treated simply as a system of statements.

6. Careful consideration have been given to this area of research communications.

7. All knowledge must be based on sense impressions, on the evidence of the sense

and observation.

II. Прочтите, определите функцию –ing формы и переведите предложения:

1. Being at the sanatorium the patient began to feel much better. 2. The changing condition of the patient became worse yesterday. 3. Carrying blood to and from the lungs the vessels of the pulmonary system dilate and contract simultaneously with the action of the heart. 4. Any drug causing a strong reaction must be taken only if the doctor has administered it. 5. Hospitalizing a patient the doctor on duty examines him in the reception ward. 6. The approaching car will take the patient to the hospital. 7. The nurse was applying cups when the ward doctor entered the ward. 8. The scientist continued investigating the properties of blood gases. 9. In making observations particular care to obtain exact findings is necessary. 10. The microorganisms invading the human body are able to develop an infection. 11. The physician started the examining of the patient with bronchitis. 12. Leaving the hospital without the doctor's order is impossible.

III. Прочтите следующие слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

schizophrenia [, skitsq’frJniq], period [‘piqriqd], episode [‘episoud], expression [iks’preSqn], symptom [‘simptqm], shock [SOk], hallucination [hq, lHsi’neiSqn], person [‘pWsqn], special [‘speSql], logic [‘lOGik], isolated [‘Qisqleitid], suicide [‘sjuqsQId], gene [GJn], trauma [‘trLmq]

 

IV. Выучите новые слова и словосочетания:

ill - больной

to suffer from - страдать от

to disturb [dis’tWb] - беспокоить, нарушать, повреждать

slow - медленный

flat - плоский, ровный, вялый

voice [vois] - голос

to lose [lHz] (lost, lost) - терять

distress [di’stres] - тяжелое недомогание, расстройство

onset [‘Onset] - начало; приступ

common [‘kOmqn] - общий, растространенный

order [‘Ldq] - приказ

in order to - для того чтобы

conversation [, kOnvq’seiSqn] - разговор, беседа

to swear [swFq] (swore [swL], sworn [swLn]) - ругаться

threat [Tret] - угроза

delusion [di’lHZqn] - заблуждение, иллюзия

to commit suicide [kq’mit] - покончить жизнь самоубийством

violence [‘vQiqlqns] - сила, насилие

on the one hand - с одной стороны

on the other hand - с другой стороны

to reduce [ri’djHs] - понижать, уменьшать

side effects - побочные эффекты

to estimate [‘estimeit] - устанавливать, определять, подсчитывать

to recover [ri’kAvq] - выздоравливать

recovery [ri’kAvqri] - выздоровление

complete [kqm’plJt] - полный, законченный

to cause [kLz] - вызывать, быть причиной

cause - причина

to link - соединять, связывать

link - связь, соединение

V. Определите части речи, прочтите и переведите слова:

illness, psychotic, sufferer, disturbance, unemotional, expression, distressing, facial, conversation, famous, logically, important, isolated, shocking, delusion, communicate, violent, reduction, relatively, discontinue, treatment, researcher, development, completely, development, traumatic

VI. Прочтите и переведите словосочетания:

to diagnose schizophrenia, a mental illness, disturbing changes in behaviour, cold and unemotional, facial expression, flat voice, distressing symptoms, the onset of the disease, to hear voices, the most common type, to give orders, to make threat, to have delusions, to send messages, to think logically, to be isolated, to carry on conversation, to commit suicide, violence and threats against others, to reduce the symptoms, to have side effects, to discontinue treatment, to recover completely, the cause of the disease, links with genes, traumatic life effects

 

VII. Прочтите и переведите текст:

 

Text A. SCHIZOPHRENIA

 

Every year 1.5 million people worldwide are diagnosed with schizophrenia. It is a mental illness which has periods called “psychotic episodes”. During a psychotic episode a sufferer shows disturbing changes in behaviour. They may seem very cold and unemotional using few facial expressions and say strange things in a slow, flat voice. They may lose all interest in life and spend days doing nothing at all, not even washing or eating. These distressing symptoms are shocking for family members who, of course, remember what the sufferer was like before the onset of the illness.

During a psychotic episode here may be hallucinations. Hearing voices that other people do not hear is the most common type of hallucination. The voices give orders and carry on conversations. Sometimes the voices swear and make threats.

Someone with schizophrenia may have delusions believing for example that they are famous, historically important persons, or that people on television send them special messages.

People with schizophrenia may not think logically. They are isolated because conversation with them is very difficult so they have no one to communicate with.

It is relatively common for schizophrenia sufferers to commit suicide – 10 per cent of people with schizophrenia (especially younger adult males) kill themselves. Violence and threats against others, on the other hand, are not symptoms of the disease.

There is medication that can reduce the symptoms but it often has bad side effects and some sufferers discontinue treatment because of this. Although many sufferers can continue to lead a relatively normal life. It has been estimated that no more than one in five individuals recovers completely and most will require long-term treatment.

We do not know the cause of schizophrenia yet. Researchers have looked at links with genes, with brain development, with infections before birth, and with traumatic life events.

 

TASKS

I. From this list find the words having close meanings:

illness, scientist, famous, to stop, to decrease, disease, onset, to estimate, alone, to reduce, delusion, researcher, popular, to discontinue, isolated, to determine, hallucination, beginning

 

II. Match the word in A with the word in B:

A B

mental logically

psychotic orders

changes events

facial suicide

hear illness

common effects

give episodes

make treatment

have expressions

send life

think voices

be delusions

commit completely

reduce in behaviour

side threats

discontinue messages

normal type

recover isolated

traumatic symptoms

III. Express your agreement or disagreement with the following statements:

1. There are1.5 million sufferers of schizophrenia.

2. A psychotic episode is a symptom of schizophrenia.

3. People with schizophrenia usually think logically.

4. People with schizophrenia may have delusions.

5. People with schizophrenia are not violent and dangerous.

6. Suicide is not connected with schizophrenia.

7. We understand what causes schizophrenia.

IV. Translate the following sentences:

1. Шизофрения – распространенное психическое заболевание.

2. Люди, страдающие шизофренией, проявляют изменения в поведении.

3. Они могут потерять интерес к жизни.

4. Люди, страдающие шизофренией, могут иметь галлюцинации.

5. Они не могут логически мыслить.

6. Люди, страдающие шизофренией, часто совершают самоубийства.

7. Существуют лекарства, которые могут уменьшить симптомы шизофрении,

но они имеют опасные побочные эффекты.

8. Причины шизофрении не известны.

V. Answer the following questions:

1. What is schizophrenia?

2. Are there many sufferers of schizophrenia worldwide?

3. What are the usual symptoms of schizophrenia?

4. Are there any medications against schizophrenia?

5. What are the causes of schizophrenia?

 

VI. Read and translate the text:

 

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