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Text B. A MENTAL HEALTH NURSE



I’ve just finished my training and I am now a qualified mental health nurse. The course was in two parts, half general nursing and half mental nursing. I’ve studied a lot of theory but the real learning has come from my placements in psychiatric wards.

My first placement was on a ward for elderly people. The patients were all very quiet but I was still terrified when I started. I thought some of the things the patients said and did were really strange.

One day I took a relaxation group. But no one told me that doing relaxation can start a psychotic episode. We were all lying down on the floor – all nicely relaxed. Suddenly a woman in the group started screaming. I was so shocked that I almost screamed too.

Another time I took a patient out for a walk round the town. Suddenly he ran off down the street. What should I do? Run after him? No, I took a chance. I was just standing watching him. He stopped and looked back. I smiled and gave a friendly wave then turned around and walked slowly back towards the hospital. A minute later he joined me. He was laughing. I was quite proud of myself that day.

 

VII. Answer the questions:

1. How did she feel when she started her placement?

2. What parts does the course of training consist of?

3. Did she have any problems with her patients?

 

LESSON 21

Грамматика: парные союзы (повторение); сложные -ing формы; союзы

if, whether

 

ANXIETY

Запомните:

-ness – образует существительное

 

I. Прочтите и переведите следующие слова:

redness, weakness, nervousness, uneasiness, happiness

 

II. Прочтите слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

natural, human, reaction, basic, function, system, activate, person, physical, muscle [mAsl], adrenaline [q’drenqlin], chemical, extreme [iks’trJm], second, process [‘prousqs], real, cortex [‘kLteks], signal, relax [ri’lqeks], emotion, intense [in’tens], situation, panic, date, presentation, normal, actually [‘qektjuqli], potential [pq’tenSql], condition, type [tQip], symptom, trauma [trLmq]

III. Запомните новые слова:

anxiety [qeN’zQiqti] – тревога, беспокойство

to involve [in’vOlve] – поражать (болезнью)

survival [sq’vQivql] - выживание

alarm [q’lRm] – сигнал тревоги

to perceive [pq’sJv] –ощущать, чувствовать, воспринимать

threat [Tret] - угроза

to breathe [brJD] - дышать

tense [tens] - напряженный

sweaty [‘sweti] - потный

palm [pRm] - ладонь

queasy [‘kwJzi] – слабый (о желудке), испытывающий тошноту

stomach [stAmqk] - жедудок

to tremble – дрожать, трястись

leg - нога

rush – выброс, бросок

getaway [‘getqwei] - бегство

instantly [‘instqntli] - немедленно

to evaluate [I’vqeljueit] – определять, оценивать

to handle [hqendl] – обращаться (с чем-либо), управлять

worry [‘wAri] – волнение, беспокойство, тревога

fear [fiq] – страх, боязнь

dread [dred] – страх, опасение

to happen [‘hqepqn] – случаться, происходить

to anticipate [qen’tisipeit] – приближать, предвидеть, ожидать

trouble [trAbl] – беспокойство, волнение, тревога

embarrassment [im’bqerqsmqnt] - смущение

to stumble [stAmbl] – запинаться, ошибаться

to reject [ri’Gekt] - отвергать

to lose [lHz] (lost, lost) – терять, лишаться

pride - гордость

disorder [dis’Ldq] – расстройство, нарушение

to occur [q’kW] – случаться, происходить

suddenly [‘sAdnli] - внезапно

 

IV. Прочтите слова, назовите части речи и переведите:

anxiety, reaction, important, basic, instantly, evaluate, nervous, presence, tension, threaten, embarrassment, different, daily, happiness, suddenly, potential, stressful

V. Прочтите и переведите однокоренные слова:

react – reactive – reaction; danger – dangerous; tense – tension; response – responsible – responsibility; evaluate – evaluated – evaluation; easy – easiness – uneasiness; nerve – nervous – nervousness; present – presenting – presented – presentation; threat – threaten; embarrass – embarrassment; different – indifferent – difference; occur – occurring – occurrence; happy – unhappy – happiness; breath –breathe – breathe in – breathe out

 

VI. Прочтите и переведите следующие словосочетания:

to involve body and mind, survival function, to perceive danger or threat, alarm system, faster heartbeat and breathing, trembling hands and legs, tense muscles, queasy stomach, sweaty palms, quick getaway from danger, to cause a rush of adrenaline, to happen instantly, to take a few seconds longer, to evaluate a real threat and to handle it, to experience feelings of anxiety, a sense of uneasiness and nervousness, worry and fear, a sense of anticipates danger and trouble, to threaten a person’s safety, to feel embarrassment about making a mistake, to worry about stumbling over words, the most common mental health condition, to affect people, to occur suddenly

 

VII. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на парные союзы:

1. Anxiety can involve both mind and body.

2. Anxiety can be both mild and extreme.

3. Both worrying and feeling of tension and stress are forms of anxiety.

4. In this situation he felt neither danger nor threat.

5. Neither violence nor threats are the symptoms of schizophrenia.

6. His anxiety disorder is caused either by genetics or by brain biochemistry.

7. The therapist advised his patient to use either relaxation techniques or special

breathing exercises.

8. In this patient schizophrenia is not linked either with infection before birth or

with traumatic event in his life.

 

VIII. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на союзы if, whether:

1. The physician must know if anybody in the family has mental impairments.

2. All people can feel anxiety if the threat is real.

3. The students asked the lecturer whether anxiety disorders can have different

symptoms.

4. You should take this drug only if the doctor has administered it.

5. I want to know if there is any difference between anxiety and phobia.

6. A person usually has a faster breathing, tense muscles and sweaty palms if his

body and mind react to danger or threat.

 

1. Врач спросил пациента, есть ли у него галлюцинации.

2. Очень важно знать, трудно ли пациенту общаться с людьми.

3. Вы можете сказать, была угроза реальной или нет?

4. Мне интересно, существуют ли люди, которые не испытывают тревогу.

5. Врач должен знать, чувствовал ли пациент нервозность в тот момент.

 

IX. Образуйте -ing формы от следующих инфинитивов:

to suffer, to be treated, to have developed, to have been reduced

X. Образуйте все возможные –ing формы от следующих глаголов:

to cause, to predict, to make, to bring

XI. Определите –ing формы и переведите предложения:

1. Treating patients with lobar pneumonia is necessary at the in-patient department. 2. He wants being treated at the in-patient department. 3. The physician remembers having treated this patient. 4. I remember having been treated for pneumonia at this hospital.

XII. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на –ing формы:

1. After having been told the results of the X-ray examination the physician wrote them down in the patient's case history. 2. I don't like being read to, I like reading myself. 3. No physician can make a proper diagnosis without having examined the patient. 4. His being sent to the Congress was useful to him. 5. I remember having been reported this interesting case. 6. On having received the necessary findings of our experiments we summarized them in the article published recently. 7. The initial diagnosis must be made before the patient's being directed to the in-patient department. 8. On changing the administered treatment the physician considered that the patient's condition would become better. 9. In making scientific observations one must be particularly careful. 10. Blood cannot be transfused without its group being determined first. 11. Mother expected my being examined by this neurologist. 12. Mme Curie's having discovered radium enabled her to isolate other radioactive elements. 13. In spite of not having any university education Faraday made his great discoveries. 14. Filling in a case history a therapeutist must pay attention to exact findings of the analyses. 15. Having prevented the spread of inflammation the surgeon could save the life of the patient. 16. The attending doctor's filling in the case history with exact findings enabled the students to follow the whole course of treatment of the patient. 17. Being at the congress the scientists exchanged their opinions on many definite problems. 18. His being in Moscow was connected with the publishing of his new book.

 

XIII. Прочтите и переведите текст:

 

Text A. WHAT IS ANXIETY

Anxiety is a natural human reaction that involves mind and body. It serves an important basic survival function. Anxiety is an alarm system that is activated whenever a person perceives danger or threat.

When the body and mind react to danger or threat a person feels physical sensations of anxiety things like a faster heartbeat and breathing, tense muscles, sweaty palms, a queasy stomach, and trembling hands or legs. These sensations are part of the body’s fight-flight response. They are caused by a rush of adrenaline and other chemicals that prepare the body to make a quick getaway from danger. They can be mild or extreme.

The fight-flight response happens instantly when a person senses a threat. It takes a few seconds longer for the thinking part of the brain (the cortex) to process the situation and evaluate whether the threat is real, and if so, how to handle it. If the cortex sends the all-clear signal, the fight-flight response is deactivated and the nervous system can relax.

Everyone experiences feelings of anxiety from time to time. Anxiety can be described as a sense of uneasiness, nervousness, worry, fear or dread of what might happen. While fear is the emotion we feel in the presence of threat, anxiety is a sense of anticipated danger, trouble, or threat. Feelings of anxiety can be mild or intense depending on the person and the situation. Mild anxiety can be felt like a sense of uneasiness and nervousness. More intense anxiety can be felt like fear, dread, or panic. Worrying and feelings of tension and stress are forms of anxiety.

Facing an important test, a big date, a major presentation, or meeting new people can trigger normal anxiety. Although these situations don’t actually threaten a person’s safety they can cause someone to fell threatened by potential embarrassment, worry about making a mistake, stumbling over words, being rejected, or losing pride. Physical sensations such as fast heartbeat, sweaty hands, or a nervous stomach can be part of normal anxiety too.

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health conditions. They affect people of all ages including both adults and children. There are many different types of anxiety disorders with different symptoms. They all have one thing in common: anxiety occurs too often, is too strong, and affects a person’s daily life and happiness. Symptoms of an anxiety disorder can come on suddenly and it is common for the people with an anxiety disorder not to know what is causing the emotions, worries and sensations they have.

TASKS

I. Read and translate the following word combinations:

естественная реакция человека, разум и тело, основная функция выживания, система сигнала тревоги, опасность и угроза, сердцебиение и дыхание, напряженные мышцы, потные ладони, слабый желудок, трясущиеся руки и ноги, выброс адреналина, оценить угрозу и справиться с ней, чувствовать волнение, беспокойство и страх, ощущение ожидаемой опасности, чувство неловкости и нервозности, путаница в словах, взрослые и дети, поражать людей всех возрастов, жизнь и счастье людей

II. Make up questions to the underlined words:

1. Anxiety is a natural human reaction.

2. Anxiety involves mind and body.

3. Anxiety is activated when a person perceives danger or threat.

4. Physical sensations are caused by a rush of adrenaline and other chemicals.

5. Anxiety can be describes as a sense of uneasiness, nervousness, worry and fear.

6. Anxiety disorders affect people of all ages.

III. Answer the following questions:

1. What is anxiety?

2. What are the main symptoms of anxiety?

3. When does a person feel anxiety?

4. Do all people fel anxiety?

5. Are there many types of anxiety?

6. What do they have in common?

7. Do people always know what causes the anxiety they have?

IV. Translate the sentences:

1. Тревога – это естественная реакция человека и является важной функцией

выживания.

2. Когда человек реагирует на опасность или угрозу, у него учащается

сердцебиение и дыхание.

3. Признаками тревоги могут быть напряженные мышцы, потные ладони,

дрожащие руки и ноги.

4. Время от времени все могут испытывать чувство тревоги.

5. Чутство тревоги может быть слабым или сильным, взависимости от

человека или ситуации.

6. Существует много различных типов тревожных расстройств с разными

симптомами.

7. Тревожные расстройства поражают людей всех возрастов, включая и детей

и взрослых.

V. Read and translate the text using a dictionary:

 


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