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ESSENTIAL BUSINESS ENGLISH PRACTICEСтр 1 из 29Следующая ⇒
И.А. Шерсткова ESSENTIAL BUSINESS ENGLISH PRACTICE ПРАКТИКУМ ПО ОСНОВАМ ДЕЛОВОГО ОБЩЕНИЯ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ Учебное пособие
Рекомендовано Учебно-методическим объединением по образованию в области лингвистики Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации в качестве учебного пособия по английскому языку для магистрантов неязыковых направлений подготовки
УФА – 2015 УДК 811.111 (07) ББК 81.2 Англ. Ш 49 Рецензенты: д. филол. наук, проф. Т.Д. Шабанова (кафедра межкультурной коммуникации и перевода Башкирского государственного педагогического университета им. М.Акмуллы) канд. филол. наук, доцент Л.М. Яхиббаева (кафедра иностранных языков Уфимского государственного нефтяного технического университета)
Шерсткова, И.А. Ш 49 Essential Business English Practice – Практикум по основам делового общения на английском языке: Учебное пособие / И.А. Шерсткова. – Уфа: Изд-во УГНТУ, 2015. – 137с.
Данное пособие в первую очередь предназначено для работы со студентами магистерской подготовки, изучающими дисциплину «Деловой иностранный язык». Целью пособия является формирование и закрепление коммуникативной компетенции делового общения на английском языке, что позволит выпускнику вуза интегрироваться в международную профессиональную среду и использовать иностранный язык как средство межкультурного общения. Пособие построено по тематическому принципу и состоит из семи основных разделов с подразделами, посвященных различным профессионально-бытовым (знакомство с коллегами, деловая беседа по телефону, командировка и т.п.) и профессиональным ситуациям общения (прием на работу, подготовка презентации, ведение переговоров). Задания пособия построены по принципу нарастающей трудности, предлагается обилие коммуникативно ориентированных упражнений, позволяющих вывести в речь тренируемые языковые единицы и закрепить полученные знания на практике. Также представлены образцы деловой документации на английском языке (форма таможенной декларации, карта прибытия в страну, бланк регистрации в отеле и т.п.). Работа с данными упражнениями способствуют формированию навыков письменной коммуникации на английском языке. Не будучи увязанным ни с одним учебником по техническому английскому языку, практикум может гибко сочетаться с любым базисным курсом английского языка, используемым в учебном процессе со студентами-магистрантами неязыковых специальностей, либо выступать в качестве основного учебного пособия по курсу делового иностранного языка. Работа с пособием возможна и на начальных этапах изучения делового иностранного языка со студентами лингвистических специальностей и магистрантами языковых факультетов, которые изучают курс делового английского как второго иностранного языка. Материалы пособия позволяют преподавателю варьировать объем и степень их проработки в зависимости от количества аудиторных часов и уровня языковой подготовки студентов. Пособие может также представлять интерес и быть практически полезным широкому кругу лиц, изучающих деловой английский язык.
УДК 811.111 (07) ББК 81.2 Англ. © И.А. Шерсткова, 2015 © Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет, 2015 ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ Practice makes perfect. Proverb
Предлагаемая вашему вниманию книга Essential Business English Practice представляет собой учебное пособие – практикум по основам делового общения на английском языке. Идея создания книги возникла в ходе работы автора со студентами магистерской подготовки по дисциплине «Деловой иностранный язык». В соответствии с требованиями учебной программы одной из основных базовых компетенций, приобретаемых студентами-магистрантами в рамках изучения данной дисциплины, является коммуникативная компетенция – способность пользоваться иностранным языком как средством делового общения. Для формирования этой способности, иными словами, нужных знаний, умений и навыков необходима их многократная тренировка, отработка с использованием большого количества учебных упражнений. Однако существующие на сегодняшний день пособия зачастую ограничиваются всего лишь несколькими упражнениями по тематике, что, в свою очередь, дает студенту возможность только понять функционирование изучаемых лексических единиц в контексте, но, к сожалению, не позволяет активно усвоить требуемый лексический материал, выработать и вывести в речь полученные знания и навыки. Не секрет, что при отсутствии языковой среды добиться более-менее удовлетворительных результатов в овладении иностранным языком можно только целенаправленной, упорной отработкой фонетического, лексико-грамматического материала через систему специально подобранных упражнений. Данное пособие призвано решить эту задачу. Цель практикума – помочь студенту активно овладеть необходимым языковым минимумом, который позволит учащемуся эффективно «функционировать» в типичных ситуациях делового общения на английском языке. Пособие построено по тематическому принципу. Условно практикум можно разделить на два блока: первый охватывает профессионально-бытовые ситуации общения (знакомство с коллегами, деловая беседа по телефону, командировка и т.п.); второй блок, более профессионально-ориентированный, представлен тремя темами: прием на работу, подготовка презентации, ведение переговоров. Специфика рассматриваемых вопросов второго блока обусловила характер предлагаемого материала: помимо упражнений в этот блок включена информация ознакомительно-обучающего характера, например, о правилах написания резюме или ведения переговоров. В начале каждой темы в отдельном упражнении предлагается список слов и выражений для запоминания. Все дальнейшие упражнения направлены на отработку этого вокабуляра. Автор, насколько это было возможно, постарался разнообразить предлагаемые типы упражнения, чтобы избежать рутинности материала. Каждый раздел построен по принципу нарастающей трудности, что позволяет учащемуся в итоге перейти на уровень собственного словотворчества в переводных упражнениях с русского на английский, при составлении тематических диалогов, в ролевых играх. Отдельно следует остановиться на методике работы с переводными упражнениями – карточками. Они построены на материале предшествующих им упражнений. Учащемуся ничего не нужно заполнять в карточках. Если необходимо, перевод можно записать в отдельной тетради, но не в пустых строчках карточек. Пустые строки – это реплики партнера по диалогу. Где это было технически возможно, карточки собеседников расположены на разных страницах. Если обе карточки находятся на одной странице, то во время парной работы с данными упражнениями (и со всеми другими карточками) студент должен смотреть только в свою карточку, закрыв «сценарий роли» собеседника. После однократного выполнения упражнения нужно обязательно поменяться ролями. При индивидуальной работе студента дома или в классе карточку собеседника не закрывают, необходимо задействовать обе карточки сразу, переводя по строкам поочередно реплики из двух ролей. Не лишним будет напомнить учащимся, что при работе в парах нужно не только думать о том, как правильно сказать / перевести свою роль, но и внимательно слушать собеседника. Основным мотивирующим фактором должна быть не оценка, а уровень усвоения материала. Уважаемые студенты! Помните, вы учитесь, прежде всего, ради «себя – любимого», ради своих знаний, ради своего успешного будущего! В отдельных упражнениях практикума также представлены образцы бланков документов, которые необходимо заполнить и с которыми студенту придется столкнуться в реальных жизненных ситуациях, например, форма таможенной декларации, карта прибытия в страну или бланк регистрации в отеле. Данное пособие, в первую очередь, направлено на студентов вузов, изучающих дисциплину «Деловой иностранный язык». Однако в целом или отдельные темы пособия могут представлять интерес и быть практически полезны широкому кругу лиц, изучающих деловой английский язык. Практикум рассчитан на учащихся, которые уже имеют начальные знания по английскому языку и хотели бы специализироваться в области делового общения. В зависимости от уровня знаний и подготовки студентов, а также количества аудиторных часов преподаватель может варьировать объем и степень проработки предлагаемого материала. Рекомендуется дополнительно использовать на уроках различные ролевые игры (коих найдется немало в арсенале каждого преподавателя) для создания максимально реалистичной ситуации общения. Материалы пособия апробированы в работе с магистрантами факультета трубопроводного транспорта и института экономики Уфимского государственного нефтяного технического университета. Автор надеется, что работа по предлагаемому учебному пособию будет для Вас полезной и приятной. Успехов! GETTING ACQUAINTED
‘If a man does not make new acquaintances as he advances through life, Samuel Johnson (1709 – 1784), English writer
1. Match the greetings with the most likely responses. Greeting Response How do you do? Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening. Hello, there. Hi! Glad to meet you. Hello. Good morning. Hi! Glad to meet you, too. How do you do? Good evening. Good afternoon.
2. Joan Robertson is a Personnel Department manager at Travel With Us tour agency. She is introducing Pamela to her new co-workers. Starting conversations People often start with an ice-breaker. The weather is a good topic (unless you’re somewhere like the desert where it never changes! ) because it’s neutral. People comment on the weather to be friendly and to see if the other person wants to speak. If you’re traveling, the ice-breaker is usually to talk about the journey. (‘It looks like we’re going to be late / on time / early.’) At a reception or party, the food or drink is a good topic for an ice-breaker. Be careful with question intonation. Sound as if you’re interested and making friendly conversation. Don’t sound like a police detective! If you do, ‘Why are you here? ’ may sound rude. Here is a list of sample breaking-the-ice questions: How was your trip? How was the traffic (from the airport)? Do you like (this city)? Did you find our office easily? How is your family? Is this your first visit to (Chicago)? Nice weather, isn’t it?
NB: if people know each other well, after an informal or a friendly greeting often comes the question: ‘How are you? ’/ ‘How are things? ’/ ‘How are you getting on? ’ The reply to this question is normally positive: ‘ Fine, thank you. And you? ’ / ‘ I’m all right, thank you.’ / ‘Not bad.’
Saying goodbye
Student A
Student B
Communication activity. MAKING TELEPHONE CALLS ‘The words you choose to say something are just as important as the decision to speak.’ Author Unknown
Putting Someone Through Receptionist: Jonson Wine Importers. Good Morning. How can I help you? Caller: Could I speak to Mr Rowling, please? Receptionist: Who’s calling, please? Caller: This is Jack Brown from Lookout Vineyards. Receptionist: Sorry, I didn’t get your name. Caller: Jack Brown. That’s B- R- O- W- N. Receptionist: Thank you. And where are you calling from? Caller: Lookout Vineyards. Receptionist: OK Mr Brown. I’ll try and put you through. Caller: Thank you. Receptionist: You’re welcome. Study the dialogues. Taking a Message #1 Receptionist: Janson Wine Importers. Good Morning. How can I help you? Caller: Could I speak to Mr Adams, please? Receptionist: Who’s calling, please? Caller: This is Anna Beare. Receptionist: Sorry, I didn’t catch your name. Caller: Anna Beare. That’s B- E- A- R- E. Receptionist: Thank you. And where are you calling from? Caller: Sun Soaked Vineyards. Receptionist: OK Ms Beare. I’ll try and put you through. … I’m sorry but the line’s busy. Would you like to hold? Caller: Could I leave a message? Receptionist: Certainly. Caller: Could you tell Mr Adams that our shipment will be postponed and that the 200 cases ordered should arrive next Monday. Receptionist: Shipment delayed … arriving next Monday. Caller: Yes, and could you ask him to call me back when the shipment arrives? Receptionist: Certainly. Could you give me your number, please? Caller: Yes, it’s 503-589-9087. Receptionist: OK… I’ll tell Mr Adams that you called as soon as he’s available. Caller: Thanks for your help. Goodbye. Receptionist: Goodbye.
Taking a Message #2 Caller 1: Hello, how can I help you? Caller 2: Hello. May I speak to John Bird? Caller 1: I’m afraid he’s not in at the moment. Caller 2: Oh dear! It’s an urgent order - we need five hydraulic pumps by 22 June. Could you take a message? Caller 1: Sure, just a moment let me get a pencil... OK. Could you tell me your name, please? Caller 2: Yes, sorry. It’s Elena Moretti from Stern Hydraulics in Switzerland. Caller 1: Right, I’ll take down the details and get John to contact you. Did you say five units? Caller 2: Yes, the reference is SG 94321. Caller 1: SG 94321-five units. Caller 2: Yes, that’s right. But the important thing is the delivery date - 22 June.
Caller 2: Good, it’s for a new customer. Caller 1: I see. Right, when John comes in, I’ll tell him immediately. Could you confirm the order by e-mail? Caller 2: Yes, of course. Caller 1: Is there anything else? Caller 2: I’ll leave my telephone number just in case he doesn’t have it. My cell phone number is 439 908 7754. Caller 1: OK. That’s 439 808 7754. Caller 2: No, it’s 439 908 7754. Caller 1: Ah, sorry. Caller 2: No problem. Thanks for your help. Good bye. Caller 1: Good bye. MAKING APPOINTMENTS Answer the questions. 1. Who do you make appointments with? 2. What things do you have to arrange when you make an appointment? 3. Do you often have to cancel or postpone your appointments? 4. Have you ever missed an appointment without having informed your partner? If yes, why? 5. What is the worst appointment you’ve ever had?
Martin’s words: a) What about Friday? b) After lunch is more convenient. c) Of course. What day suits you? d) Yes, speaking. e) Hi, Lisa. What can I do for you? f) Great. I look forward to it. g) Yes, that’s fine. h) No, I’m afraid I’ll be attending a sales conference. Is Thursday convenient? 4. Three people telephone the company Lawson and Fowles to change their appointments. They bring forward, postpone or cancel their appointments. Read their conversations and say who brings forward, postpones or cancels their appointments.
1. A: Lawson and Fowles. Good morning. В: Good morning. This is Andrew Sands. I’ve got an appointment with you on A: Yes, Mr Sands. B: Well, unfortunately I've now got an important meeting in London that A: Well, I’m afraid the morning’s completely full up. How about Wednesday B: Yes, that’s fine. OK, Wednesday at half past four, then.
2. A: Lawson and Fowles. Good morning. B: Good morning. This is Mr Watson of EGC. I’m afraid I have a problem with A: Okay. Sorry did you say Mr Watson or Mr Whiteson? B: Mr Watson. W-A-T-S-O-N. A: Fine, so you’re cancelling your appointment on Wednesday at 12 midday, then. В: No. I haven’t got my diary here. I’ll call next week. A: OK, Mr Watson. Thank you. Goodbye.
3. A: Lawson and Fowles. Good morning. B: Hello. This is Sarah Roach of Technos. I’m sorry to bother you, but it’s about A: Yes, Mrs Roach. В: Could I postpone it until later in the day? I have to collect my car from the A: We’ve got a free slot at half past four now. Is that convenient for you? B: That’s perfect. Four-thirty on Thursday. Thank you very much. Goodbye. A: Goodbye, Mrs Roach.
5. It’s time for the role-play activity. Work in pairs. Student A calls to postpone, bring forward or cancel an appointment. Student В is a secretary and answers a phone call.
6. Below is a schedule for your week in London. Before you leave for London you receive some telephone calls from people you are going to visit. They want to change their appointments. You would prefer not to meet them on the day they want, suggest a different time on the original day. Role-play the dialogue and complete your new schedule. Your partner will play the roles of all callers. Student A (you)
Student B (caller)
You are the manager of a rapidly growing company. When you returned to the office after a recent conference, eight messages had been left for you. Which should you return first? Put the calls in order of importance.
LEAVING VOICEMAIL MESSAGES Sometimes, there may not be anyone to answer the telephone and you will need to leave a message. Follow this outline to make sure that the person who should receive your message has all the information he/she needs.
BUYING AIR TICKETS ‘Both optimists and pessimists contribute to our society. The optimist invents the airplane and the pessimist the parachute.’ Author Unknown At Air Line Travel Office: - Good morning sir, how may I help you? - I’d like to make a ___________________for a ________________ to Paris on the 1st of July, please. - Yes, do you want a single or return ticket? - A single _________________ please, but I was wondering whether I could get a really low fare. - I have got a discount ticket for Paris, but, _________________ is June 30 at six in the morning, _________________ in Paris at eight-thirty. - - I’m afraid that’s impossible madam and the rate will be 280?. - Never mind, I’ll take it. - Here is your ticket, _________________ will be at five-thirty, the latest _____________ at five o’clock. Enjoy your stay over there madam. Communication activity. Situation 1. Student A. You are a traveller in Vancouver. Student B is a travel agent. You want to get to Ufa on Thursday morning. You can be at the airport only at 12: 00 the earliest. Ask for direct flights, if there aren’t any take a transfer flight. Ask about departure / arrival time, check-in time, price, discount. Tell the travel agent your seating preference. Student B. You are a travel agent. Student A is asking you about flights from Vancouver to Ufa. You have this information:
Situation 2. Student A. You are a travel agent. Student B is asking you about flights from Vancouver to Samara. You have this information:
Student B. 2. You are a traveller in Vancouver. Student A is a travel agent. You want to get to Samara on Thursday night. You can be at the airport only at 9: 00 the earliest. Ask for direct flights, if there aren’t any take a transfer flight. Ask about departure / arrival time, check-in time, price, discount. Tell the travel agent your seating preference.
12. Ask your partner these questions:
TELEPHONE TALK: IS THE FLIGHT DELAYED? Study the dialogue below.
A: InterAir, can I help you? B: Yes, please. I’d like some information about a flight arriving from Munich. A: Yes. Do you know what the flight number is? B: The flight number? I’m not sure. I know it leaves Munich at 17: 30. A: Oh, yes, that’s IA 345. B: Yes, that’s it. Could you tell me what time it gets in? A: Yes, the arrival time is 19: 10. B: 19: 10. Do you know if there’s any delay? A: No, the flight is on time. B: Right, thank you very much. A: You’re welcome. Goodbye.
AT THE AIRPORT
‘In the space age, man will be able to go around the world in two hours – one hour for flying and one hour to get to the airport.’ Neil McElroy (1904 - 1972), US Secretary of Defense
Choose the correct answer. 1) You meet someone at the (customs/ arrivals/ departures) section. 2) You leave via the (departure/ customs/ arrivals) gate. 3) At the (customs/ boarding gate/ arrivals) section, an officer may check your bags. 4) At the (customs/ boarding gate/ immigration) section, an officer may check your passport. 5) When you get onto the plane, you (board/ mount/ hop) it. 6) The place where you wait to get on the plane is the (customs/ check-in/ boarding) area. 7) When you first arrive at the airport, you need to (check in/ check out/ check). 8) When you check in, you exchange your ticket for (luggage/ a boarding pass/ money). 9) The plane has to (fly up/ take off/ take out) to leave the ground. 10) The plane has to (land/ fall down/ drop in) when you reach your destination. Communication activity. You are at an information desk. Ask questions and complete the missing information in your card. Then check and compare your information with your partner. Sample questions: When (What time) does flight BA21 depart / leave? What’s the gate number for the Moscow flight? Is the American Airlines flight to Moscow boarding yet?
Key to airlines: AA – American Airlines BA – British Airlines AC – Air Canada RA – Russian Airlines CARD (Student A)
CARD (Student B)
8. Work with a partner. Role-play the situations: 1) You’re at the airport. Find out the following information at the information center:
2) You’re meeting a foreign partner at the airport. Find out the following information at the information center:
CHECK-IN At the Check-In Desk Agent: Good afternoon! Where are you flying to today? You: Los Angeles. Agent: May I have your passport, please? You: Here you go. Agent: Are you checking any bags? You: Just this one. Agent: OK, please place your bag on the scale. You: I have a stopover in Chicago – do I need to pick up my luggage there? Agent: No, it’ll go straight through to Los Angeles. Here is your boarding pass – You: Thanks. Communication activity. Extra questions in the U.S. On flights going to or inside the U.S., you will probably be asked some extra security questions before or during check-in. Here are some sample questions and the correct responses: Agent: Did you pack your bags yourself? Agent: Are you carrying any firearms or flammable materials? Agent: Has your luggage been in your possession at all times? Agent: Has anyone given you anything to carry on the flight? Agent: Are you aware of the regulations regarding liquids in your carry-on, which must 3.4 ounces or less and placed inside a single quart-sized transparent plastic bag? You: Yes. GOING THROUGH SECURITY AT THE GATE Airports are divided into terminals (the major sections of the airport) and each terminal has many gates. The gate is the door you go through to enter the airplane.
16. Here are a few announcements you might hear while you are at the gate, waiting for the plane to board. Study and translate them.00: 0000: 00
1) “Attention passengers of United Airlines flight 880. There has been a gate change. United Airlines flight 880 will now be leaving from gate 12.” 2) “United Airlines flight 880 to Miami is now boarding.” (this means it’s time for passengers to enter the plane) 3) “We would like to invite our first- and business-class passengers, Star Club Premium members, and passengers requiring special assistance to board at gate 12.” (this means that passengers who are “special” (first class, business class, or in the Star Club) or passengers who are elderly (old), disabled, pregnant, or with small children can go into the airplane first.) 4) “We would now like to invite all passengers seated in Zone 2 – that’s rows 16-35 – to begin boarding United Airlines flight 880 at gate 12.” (look at your boarding pass to know your “zone number” and what “row” your seat number is) 5) “We would now like to invite all passengers to board United Airlines flight 880 to Miami at gate 12.” (this means everyone can enter the plane) 6) “This is the last call for United Airlines flight 880 to Miami, now boarding at gate number 12.” (this means it is the FINAL OPPORTUNITY to enter the plane before they close the doors) 7) “Passenger John Smith. Passenger John Smith, please proceed to the United Airlines desk at gate 12.” (sometimes the announcement will call a specific passenger by name. The word “proceed” in this context is a formal way to say “go.”)
ON BOARD ‘There are only two emotions in a plane: boredom and terror.’ Orson Welles (1915 –1985), American actor, film director, writer
1. You are on the plane. You may have the following conversation:
Conversation A Flight attendant: Good morning, ma’am. What’s your seat number? You: Uh, 34D. Flight attendant: That’s on the right side of the airplane. It’s by the aisle. You: Thank you. Conversation B
You: Excuse me. You’re in my seat. Man: Sorry? You: That’s my seat 34D. Man: This is 35D. You: No, it isn’t. Man: Well, where is 35D? You: That’s 35D here. Man: Oh, yes. It is. Sorry. Conversation C You are near your seat. You: Excuse me. You’re in my seat. Man: I don’t think so. You: That’s my seat 34D. Man: This is 33D. Look here! You: Oh, yes. It is. Sorry. Man: No problem.
IN-FLIGHT MEALS
4. Here’s a conversation you might have on the plane: Flight attendant: Fish, chicken or vegetarian?
Flight attendant: It’s tuna. You: Chicken, please. Flight attendant: Anything to drink? You: Yes. Water, please. Flight attendant: Still or sparkling? You: Still, please. Flight attendant: Here you go. Enjoy your meal. You: Thanks. Read the dialogue. Flight attendant: Would you like something to drink? You: Could I have Coke with no ice? Flight attendant: Here you are. Please fill in this form before the plane lands. You: What is this form for? Flight attendant: It’s a Customs and Immigration form. You will use that in the
Answer the questions. 1. Is it important to have customs at international borders? Why / why not? 2. What kind of items do people try to smuggle? 3. Could more be done to stop smugglers? Study the dialogue. At Passport Control Immigration officer: Good evening. Where have you come from? Traveller: Moscow, Russia. Immigration officer: May I have your passport and form I-94, please? Traveller: Here you are. Immigration officer: What’s the nature of your visit? Business or pleasure? Traveller: Pleasure. I’m visiting my relatives. Immigration officer: How long are you going to stay in the United States? Traveller: Three weeks. Immigration officer: Have you ever been to the United States? Traveller: No, it’s my first visit. Immigration officer: What is your occupation? Traveller: I work as an accountant for a Russian chemical company. Immigration officer: Do you have a return ticket? Traveller: Yes, here it is. Immigration officer: That’s fine. Thanks. Enjoy your trip. Traveller: Thank you.
Study the conversation. At Customs Customs officer: May I look at your passport and customs declaration form, sir? Traveller: Certainly. Here you are. Customs officer: Do you have anything to declare? Traveller: No, nothing. Just the normal allowance. Customs officer: What do you have in this suitcase? Traveller: Books, clothes, personal belongings and a bottle of wine. Customs officer: Okay, do you have anything else besides these? Traveller: No, I don’t. Customs officer: How much money do you have on you? Traveller: I have four thousand US dollars and eight hundred euros. Customs officer: That’s fine, thank you. You can proceed. Have a nice stay in
CURRENCY EXCHANGE
Study the dialogue.
Lloyds Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| currency | We buy at | We sell at | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Euro | 45 | 48 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Russian Ruble | 32 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| US dollar | 30 | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swedish Krona | 50 | 55 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UK Pound | 60 | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Japanese Yen | 35 | 40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese Yuan | 40 | 42 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kuwaiti Dinar | 70 | 73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Swiss Frank | 51 | 54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turkish Lira | 30 | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Indian Rupiah | 29 | 31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HOTELS
‘Travel and change of place impart new vigor to the mind.’
Seneca (4 BC – AD 65), Roman philosopher
Answer the questions.
1. How often do you stay at hotels?
2. What things about hotels do you like and don’t like?
3. Have you ever had any problems with hotels?
4. What hotel facilities are most important for you? Choose from the list or add your own ones:
· internet access
· 
air conditioning
· television
· swimming pool
· sauna
· gym
· beauty salon
· lift
· car park
· easy access to public transport
· laundry facilities
Choose the correct variant.
1. Welcome to the Blue Star Hotel. How may I help you? – I’d like to book a room / check in / check out for two people, for two nights.
2. Do you have any rooms available for June 10th? I’d like to make a room / books / reservation.
3. We stayed in the comfortable, spacious, newly renovated suite / single room / mini bar for our wedding night.
4. How much is the small bottle of liquor in the reservation / charge per night / mini bar?
5. A room in which only one person should sleep is a single room / double room / suite.
6. When making a reservation at a hotel, Sue was asked if she’d prefer to stay in a single or double room / fully booked room / mini bar.
7. I need a room. What is the charge per night / book a room / vacancies?
8. Carol paid the additional charges on a bill, reservation / motel / checked out and left the hotel.
9. When Sam arrived at the hotel, the receptionist greeted him and checked him in / checked him out / checked him off.
10. We are pleased to offer you full charge per night / room service / wake-up call as a part of our package.
11. When young persons travel, they often find cheaper accommodation in reception area / suites / youth hostels.
12. I’m afraid they’re check out / check in / fully booked here because of the Trade Fair. We’ll need to find another hotel.
13. A nice room service / bellboy / reception took my suitcase with a smile and brought it to my room.
14. We are fully booked and have no vacancies / half board / service for the upcoming weekend.
15. I’d like a charge per night / reception desk / wake-up call for seven o’clock tomorrow.
16. You’ll have to check in at the bellboy / suite / front desk.
HOTEL RESERVATIONS
Study the dialogue below.
| Operator: | Holiday Inn Express Hotel. This is Kevin speaking. How can I help you? |
| Maria: | Good afternoon. Do you have any vacancies for tonight? |
| Operator: | Yes, ma’am. What kind of room are you looking for? |
| Maria: | Just a single. |
| Operator: | Hold on a moment, please… Yes, we have that. Would you like a room with a bath or shower? |
| Maria: | Whatever is cheaper. |
| Operator: | Shower then. |
| Maria: | How much is it? Is breakfast included? |
| Operator: | 100 euros per night, B& B. |
| Maria: | Great. I’ll take it. |
| Operator: | Could you give me your name, please? |
| Maria: Operator: Maria: | Maria Brown. That’s B-R-O-W-N. OK. And how long will you be staying for? Just three nights. |
HOTEL CHECK-IN
Study the dialogue below.
| Receptionist: | Good evening, sir. |
| Patrick: | Good evening. I want to check in. |
| Receptionist: | Do you have a reservation? |
| Patrick: | Yes, I do. |
| Receptionist: | What name? |
| Patrick: | Nelson. Patrick Nelson. |
| Receptionist: | Just a moment… I don’t have your name on the computer, I’m afraid, sir. |
| Patrick: | Try my company. That’s Cherry Retailers. |
| Receptionist: | Ah, yes. I have it here. Cherry Retailers, 34 Apple Street, Paris. Mr Nelson. A single room for seven nights. |
| Patrick: | That’s right. |
| Receptionist: | And how will you be paying? |
| Patrick: | Is Visa OK? |
| Receptionist: | That’ll be fine. I just need you to complete this registration card. |
| Patrick: | Thank you. Uh, sorry, what’s the date today? |
| Receptionist: | June 15th. You’re in Room 345. Would you like a wake-up call? |
| Patrick: | Yes, I’d like a wake-up call for 6: 30. |
Communication activity.
Student A. You are a receptionist at a hotel. Choose any hotel from the cards below and study the information on the card. Student B is a traveller. Help student B to check in at your hotel. Ask student B questions about:
- his/her name
- room size and type
- number of nights
- wake-up call
- method of payment
|
| ||
| Price | Available Rooms | |
| Single sea view | $130.00 | 235 |
| Single garden view | $120.00 | 802, 1107, 1108 |
| Double sea view | $160.00 | None |
| Double garden view | $165.00 | 708, 710, 904 |
| Suite | $220.00 | 1201 |
| Checkout | ||
Am
|
| ||
| Price | Available Rooms | |
| Single sea view | $135.00 | 356, 786 |
| Single garden view | $125.00 | 203, 204, 206 |
| Double sea view | $165.00 | 604, 605, 708 |
| Double garden view | $170.00 | 555, 423 |
| Suite | $230.00 | None |
| Checkout |
Am | |
|
| ||
| Price | Available Rooms | |
| Single sea view | $125.00 | 102, 103, 104 |
| Single garden view | $130.00 | None |
| Double sea view | $165.00 | 201, 203 |
| Double garden view | $180.00 | 303 |
| Suite | $210.00 | 501 |
| Checkout |
Am | |
|
| ||
| Price | Available Rooms | |
| Single sea view | $95.00 | 604, 605, 708 |
| Single garden view | $85.00 | 302, 402 |
| Double sea view | $125.00 | 203, 204, 206 |
| Double garden view | $110.00 | None |
| Suite | $150.00 | 501 |
| Checkout |
Am | |
Student B. You are a traveller. Choose any of the cards below for your background information. Now check in at a hotel. Student A is a hotel receptionist.
Don’t forget to ask about room prices and checkout time.
| You are traveling alone. You would like a single room with a shower and a garden view. You would like to pay in cash. You will be staying for 2 nights. You would like a wake-up call for 7: 00 am. You would like to have a late checkout at 4 pm. |
| You are traveling with your husband/wife. You would like a double room with a bath and a sea view. You would like to pay by credit card. You will be staying for 5 nights. You would like a wake-up call for 6: 00 am. |
| You are alone. You would like a suite. You would like to pay in cash. You will be staying for 3 nights. You don’t want a wake-up call. You would like to have a late checkout at 9 pm. |
| You are traveling with your family (3 kids and spouse). You would like a suite (or a double if there are no suites available). You would like to pay by credit card. You will be staying for 10 nights. You don’t want a wake-up cal l. |
Communication activity.
Student A. You are a traveler and have just arrived at a hotel. Find out the following information at the reception:
- выясните, готов ли ваш номер;
- попросите разбудить вас утром в 7.30;
- спросите, где вы можете пообедать и включен ли завтрак в стоимость номера;
- спросите, в какое время в воскресенье вы должны выписаться;
- спросите где ближайший информационный центр.
Student B. You are a receptionist at a hotel. Student A has just arrived at your hotel. Answer his questions.
ROOM SERVICE
Now work with your partner.
Student A: You are a room service clerk.
Student B: You phone room service to make requests for:
Don’t forget to swap roles.
HOTEL PROBLEMS
CHECKING OUT
14. Remember the following expressions:
1. I’d like to check out. – Я хотел бы выехать.
2. I’d like to pay my bill, please. – Я хотел бы оплатить счёт, пожалуйста.
3. I think there’s a mistake in this bill. – Я думаю, что счёт неправильный.
4. Have you used the minibar? – Вы пользовались мини-баром?
5. Could you help me bring my luggage down? – Помогите мне вынести вниз багаж, пожалуйста.
6. Could you call me a taxi, please? – Вызовите, пожалуйста, такси.
7. I ’ ve really enjoyed my stay. – Мое пребывание было очень приятным.
Study the dialogue.
| You: | I’d like to check out. | |
| Receptionist: | What’s your room number, please? | |
| You: | 455. | |
| Receptionist: | Room 455. Mr Brown? | |
| You: | Yes, that’s right. I’d like to pay my bill, please. | |
| Receptionist: | One moment, please… There you go. That’s 788 euros, please. How would you like to pay? | |
| You: | Do you accept credit cards? | |
| Receptionist: | Sure. | |
| You: | This is my card and here are my room keys. | |
| Receptionist: | OK. Could you sign here… Thank you. Please come back and stay with us again. | |
| You: | I definitely will. I’ve really enjoyed my stay at your hotel. |
JOB HUNTING
‘Choose a job you love and you will never have to work a day in your life.’
Confucius (551- 479 BC), Chinese philosopher
1. Discuss these questions:
1. Are you ambitious? Why or why not?
2. Do you have a career plan? Where do you want to be in 10 years’ time?
3. Which of the following would you prefer to do and why?
a) work for one company during your career
b) work for several different companies
c) work for yourself
JOB INTERVIEW
‘It is unfortunate we can’t buy many business executives for what they are worth and sell them for what they think they are worth.’
Malcolm Forbes (1919 – 1990), publisher of Forbes magazine
First Impressions
The first impression you make on the interviewer can decide the rest of the interview. It is important that you introduce yourself, shake hands, and be friendly and polite. The first question is often a ‘breaking the ice’ type of question. Don’t be surprised if the interviewer asks you something like:
How are you today?
Did you have any trouble finding us?
Isn’t this great weather we’re having?
This type of question is common because the interviewer wants to put you at ease. The best way to respond is in a short, friendly manner without going into too much detail. Here are some examples of correct responses:
Interviewer: How are you today?
You: I’m fine, thank you. And you?
OR
Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?
You: No, the office isn’t too difficult to find.
OR
Interviewer: Isn’t this great weather we’re having?
You: Yes, it’s wonderful. I love this time of year.
Here are some examples of incorrect responses:
Interviewer: How are you today?
You: So, so. I’m rather nervous actually.
OR
Interviewer: Did you have any trouble finding us?
You: As a matter of fact it was very difficult. I missed the exit and had to return via the highway. I was afraid I was going to be late for the interview.
OR
Interviewer: Isn’t this great weather we’re having?
You: Yes, it’s wonderful. I can remember this time last year. Wasn’t it awful! I thought it would never stop raining!
Getting Down to Business
Once the pleasant beginnings have finished, it’s time to begin the real interview. Here are a number of the most common questions that are asked during the interview. There are two examples of excellent replies given for each question. Following the examples, you will find a comment describing the type of question and important things to remember when answering that type of question.
Interviewer: Tell me about yourself.
Candidate: I was born and raised in Milan, Italy. I attended the University of Milan and received my master’s degree in Economics. I have worked for 12 years as a financial consultant in Milan for various companies including Rossi Consultants, Quasar Insurance and Sardi and Sons. I enjoy playing tennis in my free time and learning languages.
Candidate: I’ve just graduated from the University of Singapore with a degree in Computers. During the summers, I worked as a systems administrator for a small company to help pay for my education.
Comment: This question is meant as an introduction. Do not focus too specifically on any one area. The above question will often be used to help the interviewer choose what he/she would like to ask next. While it is important to give an overall impression of who you are, make sure to concentrate on work related experience. Work related experience should always be the central focus of any interview (work experience is more important than education in most English speaking countries).
Interviewer: What type of position are you looking for?
Candidate: I’m interested in an entry level position.
Candidate: I’m looking for a position in which I can utilize my experience.
Candidate: I would like any position for which I qualify.
Comment: You should be willing to take an entry level position in an English speaking company as most of these companies expect non-nationals to begin with such a position. In the United States, most companies provide many opportunities for growth, so don’t be afraid to start from the beginning!
Interviewer: Are you interested in a full-time or part-time position?
Candidate: I am more interested in a full-time position. However, I would also consider a part-time position.
Comment: Make sure to leave open as many possibilities as possible. Say you are willing to take any job, once the job has been offered you can always refuse if the job does not appeal to you.
Interviewer: Can you tell me about your responsibilities at your last job?
Candidate: I advised customers on financial matters. After I consulted the customer, I completed a customer inquiry form and catalogued the information in our database. I then collaborated with colleagues to prepare the best possible package for the client. The clients were then presented with a summarized report on their financial activities that I formulated on a quarterly basis.
Comment: Notice the amount of detail necessary when you are talking about your experience. One of the most common mistakes made by foreigners when discussing their former employment is to speak too generally. The employer wants to know exactly what you did and how you did it; the more detail you can give the more the interviewer knows that you understand the type of work. Remember to vary your vocabulary when talking about your responsibilities. Also, do not begin every sentence with “I”. Use the passive voice, or an introductory clause to help you add variety to your presentation.
Interviewer: What is your greatest strength?
Candidate: I work well under pressure. When there is a deadline, I can focus on the task at hand (=current project) and structure my work schedule well. I remember one week when I had to get 6 new customer reports out by Friday at 5. I finished all the reports ahead of time without having to work overtime.
Candidate: I am an excellent communicator. People trust me and come to me for advice. One afternoon, my colleague was involved with a troublesome customer who felt he was not being served well. I made the customer a cup of coffee and invited both my colleague and the client to my desk where we solved the problem together.
Candidate: I am a trouble shooter. When there was a problem at my last job, the manager would always ask me to solve it. Last summer, the LAN server at work crashed. The manager was desperate and called me in (=requested my help) to get the LAN back online. After taking a look at the daily backup, I detected the problem and the LAN was up and running (=working) within the hour.
Comment: This is not the time to be modest! Be confident and always give examples. Examples show that you are not only repeating words you have learned, but actually do possess that strength.
Interviewer: What is your greatest weakness?
Candidate: I am overzealous (=work too hard) and become nervous when my co-workers are not pulling their weight (=doing their job). However, I am aware of this problem, and before I say anything to anyone, I ask myself why the colleague is having difficulties.
Candidate: I tend to spend too much time making sure the customer is satisfied. However, I began setting time-limits for myself if I noticed this happening.
Comment: This is a difficult question. You need to mention a weakness that is actually a strength. Make sure that you always mention how you try to improve the weakness.
Interviewer: Why do you want to work for Smith and Sons?
Candidate: After following your firm’s progress for the last 3 years, I am convinced that Smith and Sons are becoming one of the market leaders and I would like to be part of the team.
Candidate: I am impressed by the quality of your products. I am sure that I would be a convincing salesman because I truly believe that the Atomizer is the best product on the market today.
Comment: Prepare yourself for this question by becoming informed about the company. The more detail you can give, the better you show the interviewer that you understand the company.
Interviewer: When can you begin?
Candidate: Immediately.
Candidate: As soon as you would like me to begin.
Comment: Show your willingness to work!
(From www.bogglesworldesl.com)
Role-play.
Fill in the forms below with information about a fictitious person or fictitious job. Act either an employer or an employee. Mingle with other students and interview or be interviewed for the job. Job applicants should try to find jobs and employers should find appropriate employees. The employers must hire someone, even if no candidate is ideal.
Job Description
Sample questions for employers:
- What is your qualification? / What qualification have you got?
- Have you got any work experience (in this field)?
- How long have you worked for your previous employer?
- What were your responsibilities in your previous job?
- Do you have any references from your previous employers?
|
Curriculum Vitae | |||
| Name |
| ||
| Date of birth |
| ||
| Address |
| ||
| Telephone |
| ||
| Marital status |
| ||
| Education and qualifications |
| ||
|
Work Experience | |||
| From: | To: | From: | To: |
| Employer: | Employer: | ||
| Responsibilities: | Responsibilities: | ||
| Interests: | |||
| References: | |||
Sample questions for applicants:
- What are the responsibilities in this job?
- What qualifications are required for this job?
- What positions are vacant in your company?
- What is the salary? / How much will I get in this job/position?
- Do I need to have any experience?
Letters of application
Opening
Generally, the terms vacancy, post, or appointment are used instead of the word job in applications. When replying to a job advertisement, as with most correspondence, it is best simply to state what you are doing, and give a date or reference.
- I would like to apply for the post of Programmer advertised in this month's edition of Computers.
- I am writing concerning your advertisement in the Guardian of 12 May for a bilingual secretary to work in your Export Department.
- I am answering your advertisement for the post of bank trainee, which appeared in yesterday’s Times.
If the advertisement is not clear about how you should apply for the job, it is better to phone the Personnel Department of the company to find out.
Remember to quote any reference numbers or job titles that are mentioned in the advertisement.
For unsolicited applications, i.e. applying for a job which has not been advertised, you can open like this:
- I am writing to ask if you might have a vacancy in your ______department for a(n) administrative assistant /salesperson / accounts clerk.
If someone associated with the company suggested that you write to them, mention this in your opening.
- I was recommended by _______ , who is currently working in your company / who has had a long association with your company / who is one of your suppliers, to contact you concerning a possible post in your _______Department.
Closing
There is no need to give any more information at this stage, so you can close the letter:
- Please could you send me an application form and any other relevant details?
- I would be grateful if you could send me an application form. If you need any further details, please contact me at the above address / email address.
Application forms and CVs
When you receive an application form, always read it through carefully so that you know exactly what information is required. It is a good idea to photocopy it, complete the photocopy, and when you are happy with it, copy the information onto the actual form.
Some companies prefer a curriculum vitae, usually called a CV (resume in American English), which is your personal and working history. Application forms and CVs may be e-mailed, faxed, or sent by post.
Covering letters
You may need to send a covering letter with an application form or CV. If you do, it should briefly explain points that might not be clear. You could also give further details to stress your suitability for the post.
Opening
If the company has sent an application form, remember to thank them.
If you are enclosing а CV, mention it at the beginning of the letter.
- Thank you for your letter of ________and the application form for the post of _____. I enclose the completed form / m y CV.
Body of the letter
Your covering letter should be short. If you need to develop or emphasize any points, do so briefly and simply.
- You will see that I graduated from _____University / College in 20—, where I gained a ______degree /diploma /certificate in _____. (Mention any parts of your studies relevant to the post.) During my employment with _______my work was specifically concerned with ________. (Mention work relevant to the post you are applying for.)
Reasons for leaving a job
If you need to explain why you left a job, it is best to sound positive. Never say that you wanted a better salary or conditions. You should not say you were bored with your job, and never criticize the company you worked for, their products or services, or your colleagues.
Explanations for leaving a company could include the following:
- I left (old employer) because (new employer) offered me a chance to use my (languages, it training, etc.).
- I was offered a chance to join (company) where there was an opportunity for further training and experience in _______.
- I was offered the post of Senior Technician by (company) in (date), and therefore left (company) in order to...
- I joined (company) in (date) as part of their new Eastern Europe sales team. This was an excellent opportunity to...
Previous experience
Most application forms give some space to describe previous work experience, e.g. what your duties and responsibilities were. Here you have a chance to highlight your achievements, e.g. any special responsibilities or projects you undertook, changes you made, or schemes you introduced.
- While l was a Team Leader at (company), I supervised a team of six technicians and introduced new quality control procedures which resulted in...
- During my time at (company), I was responsible for marketing software services. A large part of this role involved successfully implementing change in the...
- During my time at (company), I studied part-time for an MBA, which I completed in 20—. Since then I have gained more management experience in...
- As part of my degree course in Business Studies, I worked for three months in the Data Processing Department of a large computer corporation where I gained experience in...
Reasons for applying
All prospective employers will want to know why you are applying for a specific job. This not only means explaining why you want the job, but why you think your particular skills and experience would be valuable to the company.
- I am particularly interested in the post as I could apply my previous experience in (area of work).
- I am sure I would be successful in this post as I have the skills and experience you describe, as well as...
- I believe my background in (area of work) equips me for the post you advertise, especially my recent experience of (specialist area, e.g. project management, website development).
- I have some experience of (area of work), and am enthusiastic about developing a career in this field.
Closing
At the end of the letter, offer to supply more information if necessary.
- Look forward to hearing from you. However, if there is any further information you require in the meantime, please let me know.
- Please let me know if there are any other details you need. Meanwhile, I look forward to hearing from you.
- I would be happy to discuss with you at interview how my skills and experience could be used to your advantage.
Unsolicited letter
Notice in this letter how the applicant first mentions how he knows of Mitchell Hill (a merchant bank), gives brief details of his education and experience, and then refers to his current employers, who approve of staff spending time abroad. Finally, he tells Mitchell Hill why he wants to join them temporarily and asks for an application form. Of course, he could also include a CV with the letter, but in this case, he knows that company practice is to send application forms.
CV Writing Tips
As you write your CV keep in mind the following:
- use concise language,
- minimize or omit everything which is irrelevant,
- select and order the major categories so that the most relevant information is placed near the top of your CV where it will draw the reader’s special attention,
- your CV must be free of spelling and grammar mistakes,
- have your CV critiqued by an experienced person,
- print your CV on white paper.
A CV is essential if you’re applying for a new job or for promotion within your own company. Some information might be given in your CV, some in your letter of application. There are no fixed international rules about this: different countries have different practices.
10. Now work in pairs. Decide whether you in your country and in your line of business would normally give the information below in
a) a CV or Resume?
b) a Letter of Application?
c) an Application Form?
What other information would you provide? Which of the information would you not give at all?
There are a number of ways of presenting information in a CV.
Traditionally, the sequence was name, address, contact details, marital status, education, qualifications, work experience, referees, and interests. However, it is now more common to begin with brief personal details, followed by a short profile or description of yourself (sometimes also called a career summary). After that, the most important information is recent employment history, and skills and qualifications. In the interests of completeness, you should account for all years since leaving school, but if the information is irrelevant to the position you are applying for or is some years old, you should summarize it as briefly as possible.
These days, it is generally unnecessary to mention marital status, children, age, health, or current salary unless specifically asked to do so, but this will vary according to the law and custom in different countries.
Here is a typical CV for an experienced professional.
|
Wendy Benson
11. Below there is a typical CV for a recent graduate. Study and translate it, then answer the following questions:
1. Where did Melinda study environmental problems?
2. What did she do while she was in Germany?
3. Who is Dr Martina Gordon?
4. What do you think Melinda’s main interest is?
5. Where did Melinda graduate from?
6. What commercial experience has she had?
|
Melinda Brown | |||
| Date of birth: Address: Tel.: Email: Profile |
13 March 1985 22 Victoria Road, Oxford, UK 0123456 mbrown@interserve.net.uk
A highly-motivated, well-travelled, and creative graduate with practical work experience in both sales and TEFL teaching. A 4-month postgraduate residency at the Biosphere 2 Center, Arizona, has given me wide-ranging knowledge of, and insight into, environmental problems and ways of presenting them to the public.
| ||
| Education Work experience Other information | 1991 - 2001 2001 - 2003 July, 2003 April –July, 2002 January 2004- May 2007 September – December, 2008 May 15-16, 2009 June 20-24, 2010 | King Edward’s School, Oxford 0 Levels: Art, Biology, Chemistry, English, French, Geography, History, Maths, Spanish A levels: Art A Environmental Studies A Chemistry B Spanish B
Leeds Metropolitan University BA (Honours) in Environmental Studies Academy School of English, Leeds Cert CELTA
Weekend sales assistant. Kings Norton Garden Centre, Oxford
TEFL tutor, Berlin School of English, Berlin, Germany
4-month residency at the Biosphere 2 Center, Arizona, USA
Co-presented ‘No smoke...’ at the Bretton Hall Sculpture Park, University of Leeds. An installation which explored the environmental implications of major forest fires, both natural and man-made.
Co-presented ‘Time microscope’ at the Covent Garden Flower Festival. An installation which explored different ways of presenting information about the natural world. | |
| Interests | My main interest outside work, although related to it, is travel. In 1999 I took part in a school expedition to the High Atlas mountains in Morocco, and produced a video of the trip. In my gap year I travelled extensively in South America, again documenting the trip by means of sketchbooks and video. I also enjoy World Music, particularly that from countries I have visited, and play the oud (Moroccan lute). | ||
| References | Prof. T.N. Fagin Department of Environmental Studies Leeds Metropolitan University Leeds UK | Dr Martina Gordon Principal Berlin School of English Floribundastr., 14 Berlin Germany | |
12. Action Verbs for CV. Read the words in the table below. They are often used in a CV to make it more persuasive. Choose the ones you can use to describe your duties and responsibilities. Make up phrases with them.
E.g. administered the project ‘Oil Rigs of the Future’; conducted customer study.
| · accomplish | · conduct | · examine | · instruct | · produce |
| · achieve | · construct | · expand | · integrate | · promote |
| · administer | · consult | · facilitate | · launch | · propose |
| · advise | · create | · formulate | · maintain | · provide |
| · analyze | · demonstrate | · generate | · monitor | · publish |
| · arrange | · design | · head | · negotiate | · represent |
| · assist | · develop | · identify | · organize | · research |
| · build | · devise | · implement | · perform | · restore |
| · calculate | · direct | · improve | · plan | · review |
| · chair | · edit | · increase | · prepare | · solve |
| · collaborate | · establish | · initiate | · present | · supervise |
| · compile | · evaluate | · innovate | · process | · upgrade |
Accepting a post
Letters confirming that you accept a post can be brief, as long as they cover all the relevant points.
- Thank you for your letter of 23 December 20— offering me the post of_______. I am delighted to accept. I look forward to seeing you at 09.00, on Monday 10 January. As requested, I enclose one signed copy of the contract of employment.
- I am returning a signed copy of the contract of employment, which you sent me with your letter of 15 February. I confirm that I will be able to begin work on Monday 9 March at 08.00, and look forward to seeing you then.
- Thank you for offering me the temporary position of trainee in your bank, starting on Monday 14 November. I have read the Staff Handbook and the relevant details concerning traineeships, and accept the conditions of employment.
| 25 Victoria Road Birmingham UK 27 July 2013 Anne Levin L.B. Richman Associates 27-29 Moore Park Road Peterborough UK Your Ref: KH 305/9 Dear Ms Levin I am very pleased to accept your offer of the post of senior lawyer, starting on 15 August 2013. As requested, I enclose a signed copy of my contract of employment. I look forward to meeting you. Yours sincerely Adam Hall Adam Hall Enc. Contract of employment |
NB for Russian CV writers
1. В русском языке принято писать Петрова Ольга Ивановна. В английском же языке правило написания имени следующее: сначала пишется имя, затем первая буква отчества, а затем фамилия. Т.е. на английском языке Петрова Ольга Ивановна должно быть записано так: Olga I. Petrova.
2. Есть два варианта заполнения раздела Objective (цель, т.е. должность, на которую претендуете):
a) краткий вариант – просто указываете должность, на которую претендуете. Objective: Sales Manager – Цель: менеджер по продажам.
b) в одном предложении написать то, что бы вы хотели сделать для той компании, в которую Вы посылаете резюме, и в какой должности.
Objective: To contribute outstanding skills to achieving your company’s goals as a sales manager – Цель: работать на благо Вашей компании, используя все свои выдающиеся способности менеджера по продажам.
Если раздела Objective в резюме нет, то оно прилагается к сопроводительному письму (Covering Letter), в котором содержится просьба о приеме на работу и указывается желаемая должность.
3. При указании периода времени (July 2010 – March 2012) помните: название месяца пишется с заглавной буквы. После цифр, обозначающих год, никаких букв, аналогичных нашей “г.” не пишется.
4. Все слова в названии должности, названия подразделения, названии компании в английском языке пишутся с большой буквы: Administrative Assistant; Sales Department.
5. Перед названием города никаких букв, аналогичных нашей “г.”, не пишется: г.Уфа - Ufa.
6. В разделе образование ( Education ) сначала необходимо указать высшие учебные заведения, затем дополнительные курсы, курсы повышения квалификации. Например: Master of Science in Networking, Networking Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 2013.
Сначала указываем степень и специальность – Master of Science in Networking (магистр наук в области компьютерных сетей). Или Bachelor in … ( бакалавр в …). Далее факультет – Networking Faculty. Далее ВУЗ – Moscow State University. Затем город – Moscow. Затем страну – Russia.
Если Вы посылаете резюме в компанию, находящуюся в вашей стране, то страну можно и не указывать, а если в компанию, которая находится в иностранном государстве, то рекомендуется указать.
В заключение необходимо указать год окончания учебного заведения, в примере – 2013.
Как правильно перевести название своего ВУЗа и факультета? Обычно, на сайтах крупных вузов всегда имеется и русская, и английская версии. В английской версии всегда переведено название учебного заведения и названия факультетов.
7. В раздел Education можно добавить подраздел Extra-curricular activities (Внеучебная деятельность), где можно перечислить свои увлечения, участие в общественной, научной, спортивной жизни ВУЗа. Обычно эти сведения указывают студенты или выпускники, которым больше нечем заполнить свое резюме.
8. В разделе Skills (умения и навыки) или Qualifications (квалификация, подготовленность, профессионализм) можно указать уровень владения офисными программами: Skills: Microsoft Office (Word, Excel), 1C, Outlook Express, Photoshop.
9. В разделе Languages (знание языков) кроме указания тех языков, которые Вы знаете, желательно указать уровень владения языком:
native Russian – родной язык – русский
fluent English – свободный, беглый английский
advanced English – продвинутый уровень английского
good French – хороший уровень французского
intermediate German – средний уровень немецкого
working knowledge of English – могу читать и говорить по-английски, но не свободно
basic knowledge – базовый уровень, могу читать со словарем
beginning Spanish – начальный испанский
10. В разделе References (рекомендации) если Вы не желаете пока указывать конкретных людей, то пишется стандартная фраза: Reference s are available upon req u est – Рекомендации предоставлю по запросу.
MAKING PRESENTATIONS
‘The best way to sound like you know what you’re talking about is
to know what you’re talking about.’
Author Unknown
Answer the questions.
Introduction
The introduction is a very important - perhaps the most important - part of your presentation. This is the first impression that your audience has of you. You should use the introduction to:
- welcome your audience,
- introduce yourself,
- introduce your subject,
- outline the structure of your presentation,
- give instructions about questions.
The following table shows examples of language for each of these functions.
| Function | Possible language | |
| 1. | Welcoming your audience | - Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. - Good morning and welcome to (name of company, name of conference hall, hotel, etc.). - Thank you all very much for coming today. - I hope you all had a pleasant journey here today. |
| 2. | Introducing yourself | - My name is Mark Watson and I am responsible for …. - My name is Mark Watson from (name of company), where I am responsible for …. - Let me introduce myself; my name is Mark Watson and I am responsible for …. |
| 3. | Introducing your subject | - The purpose of today’s presentation is to …. - The purpose of my presentation today is to …. - In today’s presentation I’d like to … (show you …. / explain to you how ….) - In today’s presentation I’m hoping to … (give you an update on… / give you an overview of ….) - In today’s presentation I’m planning to …( look at …. / explain ….) - I am going to talk today about... |
| 4. | Outlining the structure of your presentation | - In today’s presentation I’m hoping to cover three points: firstly, …, after that we will look at …, and finally I’ll…. - In today’s presentation I’d like to cover three points: … - Firstly, …, secondly …, and finally …. - To start with...later...to finish up... |
| 5. | Giving instructions about questions | - Do feel free to interrupt me if you have any questions. - I’ll try to answer all of your questions after the presentation. - I plan to keep some time for questions after the presentation. - If you have any questions you’d like to ask, please leave them until the end, when I’ll be happy to answer them. - If there are any questions you’d like to ask, please leave them until the end, when I’ll do my best to answer them. - There will be time for questions at the end of the presentation. - I’d be grateful if you could ask your questions after the presentation. |
Body
The body is the ‘real’ presentation. If the introduction was well prepared and delivered, you will now be ‘in control’. You will be relaxed and confident.
The body should be well structured, divided up logically, with plenty of carefully spaced visuals.
Remember these key points while delivering the body of your presentation:
- do not hurry
- be enthusiastic
- give time on visuals
- maintain eye contact
- modulate your voice
- look friendly
- keep to your structure
- use your notes
- signpost throughout
- remain polite when dealing with difficult questions
You may find the following phases useful:
| Finishing one subject... | - Well, I’ve told you about... - That’s all I have to say about... - We’ve looked at... - So much for... |
| ...and starting another | - Now we’ll move on to... - Let me turn now to... - Next... - Turning to... - I’d like now to discuss... - Let’s look now at... |
| Giving an example | - For example,... - A good example of this is... - As an illustration,... - To give you an example,... - To illustrate this point... |
Language for using visuals
| Introducing your visual to the audience | - This graph shows you… - Take a look at this… - If you look at this, you will see… - I’d like you to look at this… - This chart illustrates the figures… - This graph gives you a break down of… |
| Explaining why the visual is important | - As you can see… - This clearly shows … - From this, we can understand how / why… - This area of the chart is interesting…. |
Conclusion
Use the conclusion to:
- sum up,
- (give recommendations if appropriate),
- thank your audience,
- invite questions.
The following table shows examples of language for each of these functions.
| Function | Possible language | |
| 1. | Summing up | - To conclude,... - In conclusion,... - Now, to sum up... - So let me summarise what I’ve said. - Finally, may I remind you of some of the main points we’ve considered. |
| 2. | Giving recommendations | - In conclusion, my recommendations are... - I therefore suggest/propose/recommend the following strategy. |
| 3. | Thanking your audience | - Many thanks for your attention. - May I thank you all for being such an attentive audience. - That brings me to the end of my presentation. Thank you for your attention. |
| 4. | Inviting questions | - Now I’ll try to answer any questions you may have. - Can I answer any questions? - Are there any questions? - Do you have any questions? - Are there any final questions? |
Handling questions
It’s useful to re-word the question, as you can check that you have understood the question and you can give yourself some time to think of an answer. By asking the question again you also make sure that other people in the audience understand the question.
- Thank you. So you would like further clarification on our strategy?
- That’s an interesting question. How are we going to get voluntary redundancy?
- Thank you for asking. What is our plan for next year?
After you have answered your question, check that the person who asked you is happy with the answer.
- Does this answer your question?
- Do you follow what I am saying?
- I hope this explains the situation for you.
- I hope this was what you wanted to hear!
If you don’t know the answer to a question, say you don’t know. It’s better to admit to not knowing something than to guess and maybe get it wrong. You can say something like:
- That’s an interesting question. I don’t actually know off the top of my head, but I’ll try to get back to you later with an answer.
- I’m afraid I’m unable to answer that at the moment. Perhaps I can get back to you later.
- Good question. I really don’t know! What do you think?
- That’s a very good question. However, we don’t have any figures on that, so I can’t give you an accurate answer.
- Unfortunately, I’m not the best person to answer that.
Can’t remember the word?
If it’s a difficult word for you – one that you often forget, or one that you have difficulty pronouncing – you should write it on your index card. Pause briefly, look down at your index card and say the word.
Using your voice
Don’t speak in a flat monotone – this will bore your audience. By varying your speed and tone, you will be able to keep your audience’s attention. Practise emphasizing key words and pause in the right places – usually in between ideas in a sentence. For example:
" The first strategy involves getting to know our market (pause) and finding out what they want. (pause) Customer surveys (pause) as well as staff training (pause) will help us do this."
Don’t forget – if you speak too fast you will lose your audience!
5. Now study the text of the presentation about Tara Fashions.
a) Answer the questions that follow the text.
b) Analyse the structure of the presentation.
c) Note the ‘presentation vocabulary’ the speaker uses and define its function.
Good morning, everyone. Thanks for coming to my presentation. My name’s Marta Rodriguez. I’m Personnel Director of Tara Fashions. I’m going to talk to you today about our company. First, I’ll give you some basic information about Tara Fashions. Then I’ll talk about our overseas stores. After that I’ll outline the strengths of the company. Next I’ll talk about career opportunities with Tara. And finally I’ll mention our future plans. I’ll be pleased to answer any questions at the end of my talk.
Let me start with some basic facts about Tara. The company started in 1978. We are a family-owned business and our head office is in Cordoba, Spain. We sell clothes for men and women, and our customers are mainly fashion-conscious people aged 20 to 35. We have 15 stores in Spain. All of the stores are very profitable.
Right, those are the basic facts.
Let me add a few figures. We have an annual turnover of about? 260 million. Our net profits last year were approximately? 16 million. We have a workforce of just over 2, 000 employees. So those are the numbers. Now about our overseas stores. We have 4 large stores in France and another 10 in other European countries. We are planning to open 5 new stores next year.
What are our strengths? We keep up with fashion trends. If we spot a trend, we can bring out a new design in 15 days. And we get it to the stores very quickly. We deliver to stores twice a week. And we sell our designs at the right price.
OK, now what about career opportunities? It’s quite simple. If you are ambitious and fashion-conscious, we have opportunities in all areas of our business. We will welcome you with open arms.
Finally, a few words about our new project. We are planning to open a new store in New York next year on Fifth Avenue. This will give us a foothold in the US market. We’re very excited about this new development.
Well, thanks very much for listening to my talk. Are there any questions?
(From Market Leader Business English)
1. What’s Marta Rodriguez’s position in the company?
2. What is Marta’s presentation about?
3. When did the company start?
4. Is Tara Fashions a joint-stock company?
5. Where is the company’s head office situated?
6. What does Tara Fashions sell?
7. Who are the company’s customers?
8. What is the company’s annual turnover?
9. What are the company’s net profits?
10. How many people work for Tara Fashions?
11. How many stores does Tara Fashions have in Spain? In other European cities?
12. What are the company’s strengths?
13. What are the company’s future plans?
Three human resources directors make presentations about their companies at a business school recruitment day. You are one of the HR directors. Use the notes below to make a presentation about your company.
| Futuropolis Pa r ks | Austro Insurance | Smart-mart Stores | |
| Head office | Toulouse, France | Vienna, Austria | Atlanta, Georgia |
| Activities | Theme parks about the future | All insurance products: life, property, car, etc. | Everything from food to clothing and furniture |
| Customers | Europeans, mainly middle class families with children aged 5 to 15 | Businesses and consumers around the world | Consumers of all classes, all incomes |
| Annual turnover | ? 1 billion | ? 11 billion | ? 250 billion |
| Annual ne t profits | ? 250 million | ? 1.5 billion | ? 7 billion |
| Operations | 2 parks in France, 1 each in Spain, Italy and Germany | Thousands of brokers (= independent insurance sellers) in Europe, the US and Asia | 200 stores in the USA, 55 in Europe, 30 in Latin America, 20 in Asia |
| Strengths | Good future for leisure industry in general, especially theme parks | Insurance has seen 10% growth a year over last 10 years. Growth set to continue | Very low prices – other stores find it very hard to compete. 10-15% annual growth expected to continue |
| Future plans | Opening a park in Florida next year - English-speaking managers needed. Great career prospects! | Developing Latin American activities – Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking managers required. Great career prospects! | Developing further in Asia, especially China. Chinese- and English-speaking managers required. Great career prospects! |
Trade Conference.
There going to be an Annual World Trade Conference in London next week. The CEO of your company wants you to attend the conference and attract potential investors from abroad to your company. Prepare a presentation about your company and give it to your fellow students (who act as investors). At the end of ‘the conference’ ‘investors’ are to choose a company they would like to invest in. ‘Investors’ should justify their choice.
You can make a presentation about the company you really work in or choose any existing company you like.
NEGOTIATIONS
‘During a negotiation, it would be wise not to take anything personally. If you leave personalities out of it, you will be able to see opportunities more objectively.’
Brian Koslow, prominent American businessman
Negotiating Across Cultures
2. Work in groups of four. You are each going to read an article (taken from the FINANCIAL TIMES) about a different negotiating style. Choose either Article A or B, or Article C or D below.
Article A
| a) be flexible |
| b) not changing your opinion or attitude |
| c) the methods you use to get what you want |
Negotiations are demanding and may become emotional. You may find your Russian negotiator banging his or her fist on the table or leaving the room. Accept such tactics with patience and calmness. They are designed to make it difficult for you to concentrate.
Russian negotiating teams are often made up of experienced managers whose style can be like a game of chess, with moves planned in advance. Wanting to make compromises may be seen as a sign of weakness.
Distinguish between your behaviour inside and outside the negotiations. Impatience, toughness and emotion during the negotiations should be met with calmness, patience and consistency. Outside the negotiating process you can show affection and personal sympathy.
Article B
| a) style of behaviour |
| b) polite or social conversation |
| c) the way things are done on official occasions |
Communicating is a natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is more direct than it is in the UK. Informality is the rule. Business partners do not use their academic titles on their business cards. Sandwiches and drinks in plastic boxes are served during conferences.
This pleasant attitude continues in the negotiation itself. US negotiators usually attach little importance to status, title, formalities and protocol. They communicate in an informal and direct manner on a first-name basis. Their manner is relaxed and casual.
The attitude ‘time is money’ has more influence on business communication in the US than it does anywhere else. Developing a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as getting results.
Article C
| a) when you find out what the other side wants |
| b) say what you think |
| c) consider very important |
As well as being formal, negotiations are direct. German managers speak their mind. They place great weight on the clarity of the subject matter and get to the point quickly.
Excessive enthusiasm or compliments are rare in German business. You should give a thorough and detailed presentation, with an emphasis on objective information, such as your company’s history, rather than on clever visuals or marketing tricks.
Prepare thoroughly before the negotiation and be sure to make your position clear during the opening stage of the talks, as well as during their exploratory phases. Avoid interrupting, unless you have an urgent question about the presentation.
Article D
| a) unplanned thoughts |
| b) give your opinion |
| c) the people on the other negotiating team |
At the start of the negotiations you might want to decide whether you need interpreters. You should have documentation available in Spanish. Business cards should carry details in Spanish and English.
During the negotiations your counterparts may interrupt each other, or even you. It is quite common in Spain for this to happen in the middle of a sentence. For several people to talk at the same time is accepted in Latin cultures, but is considered rather unusual in Northern Europe.
The discussion is likely to be lively. In negotiations, Spanish business people rely on quick thinking and spontaneous ideas rather than careful preparation. It may appear that everybody is trying to put his or her point across at once. That can make negotiations in Spain intense and lengthy, but also enjoyably creative.
Art of Negotiating
Negotiating is often referred to as an ‘art’. While some people may be naturally more skillful as negotiators, everyone can learn to negotiate. And, as they often say in business, everything is negotiable. Some techniques and skills that aid people in the negotiating process include:
Types of negotiating
In business, the goal of negotiating parties should always be for mutual gain. This type of win-win negotiation is often called collaborative negotiating. The opposite of collaborative negotiating is called competitive negotiating. The goal of competitive negotiating is for one party to win and the other to lose. Dishonest practices, such as lying, manipulation, intimidation, and bribery are often used in this type of negotiation.
Main Principles of Collaborative Negotiating:
- Resolve previous conflicts ahead of time;
- Deal with issues, not personalities;
- Commit to listening more than speaking: the more you know about your counterpart, the more likely you will achieve your goals. You cannot convince someone of something when you do not know anything about them, or what their own needs are. A common mistake is to prepare one’s next question or point while the opponent is speaking.
- Establish trust in the onset (=beginning);
- Develop a common goal;
- Discuss a common enemy;
- Take opponent’s views/needs into careful consideration: not only do you want to win this negotiation, you want your opponent to win as well, so that he or she will negotiate with you again in the future.
The Negotiation Process
Here are a few golden rules to successful negotiations:
1) Always try to negotiate for at least 15 minutes. Any less than that and it is unlikely that either party has had enough time to fairly consider the other side. Generally, the size or seriousness of the negotiation determines the amount of time needed to negotiate it. Setting a time limit is a good idea. Approximately 90% of negotiations get settled in the last 10% of the discussion.
2) Always offer to let the other party speak first. This is especially important if you are the one making a request for something such as a raise. The other party may have overestimated what you are going to ask for and may actually offer more than what you were going to request.
3) Always respect and listen to what your opponent has to say. This is important even if he or she does not extend the same courtesy to you. Do your best to remain calm and pleasant even if the other party is displaying frustration or anger. Remember some people will do anything to intimidate you.
4) Acknowledge what the other party says. Everyone likes to know that what they say is important. If the other party opens first, use it to your advantage, by paraphrasing what you have heard. Repeat their important ideas before you introduce your own stronger ones.
5) Pay attention to your own and your counterpartner’s body language. Make sure that you aren’t conveying any negative body language. Review the chart below to learn how to interpret body language during the negotiations.
| Body Language | Possible meaning |
| Avoiding Eye Contact | Lying Not interested Not telling the whole truth |
| Serious Eye Contact | Trying to intimidate Showing anger |
| Touching the face / fidgeting | Nervousness Lack of confidence Submission |
| Nodding | Agreeing Willing to compromise |
| Shaking the head / turning away | Frustrated In disbelief Disagreeing with a point |
Study the dialogue.
The Negotiation Game
A: If I order 100 units, will you give me a price of 5.5 euros?
B: No, I’m sorry. I can’t do that. On 150 units I’ll give you a price of six euros.
A: Six euros. And what about payment?
B: Payment is within 60 days.
A: If we pay within 30 days, will you lower the price?
B: I’ll go down to 5.5 euros if you order 200 units or more. That’s my best offer.
A: Well, what about the guarantee?
Speaker A: Buyer
Negotiate with your partner to get the best deal possible. You get points for each category of the deal - price, quantity, delivery time, and so on. For example, if you agree on a price of 6 euros, you get 2 points or 3 points if the price is 5.5. Add your points for each category to get your score. To be a successful negotiator you have to get at least ten points.
| Points | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Price | 6.5 | 6 | 5.5 | ? |
| Quantity | 200 | 150 | 100 | units |
| Delivery | 3 | 2 | 1 | weeks |
| Payment | 30 | 60 | 90 | days |
| Guarantee | 6 | 12 | 18 | months |
Speaker B: Seller
Negotiate with your partner to get the best deal possible. You get points for each category of the deal - price, quantity, delivery time, and so on. For example, if you agree on a price of 6 euros, you get 2 points or 3 points if the price is 6.5. Add your points for each category to get your score. To be a successful negotiator you have to get at least ten points.
| Points | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Price | 5.5 | 6 | 6.5 | ? |
| Quantity | 100 | 150 | 200 | units |
| Delivery | 1 | 2 | 3 | weeks |
| Payment | 90 | 60 | 30 | days |
| Guarantee | 18 | 12 | 6 | months |
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CONTENTS
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ....................................................................................................3
GETTING ACQUAINTED....................................................................................5
TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF..............................................................................9
MAKING TELEPHONE CALLS........................................................................15
MAKING APPOINTMENTS.................................................................................31
LEAVING VOICEMAIL MESSAGES.................................................................38
GOING ON A BUSINESS TRIP BY AIR..........................................................39
BUYING AIR TICKETS.......................................................................................39
AT THE AIRPORT.................................................................................................50
CHECK-IN...............................................................................................................56
GOING THROUGH SECURITY...........................................................................60
AT THE GATE.......................................................................................................61
ON BOARD............................................................................................................62
IN-FLIGHT MEALS...............................................................................................63
PASSPORT CONTROL & CUSTOMS.................................................................67
CURRENCY EXCHANGE....................................................................................74
HOTELS..................................................................................................................76
HOTEL RESERVATIONS....................................................................................78
HOTEL CHECK-IN..............................................................................................80
HOTEL ROOM SERVICE.....................................................................................86
HOTEL PROBLEMS..............................................................................................87
CHECKING OUT...................................................................................................88
JOB HUNTING.....................................................................................................90
JOB INTERVIEW..................................................................................................93
APPLYING- FOR- A- JOB CORRESPONDENCE...............................................99
CURRICULUM VITAE.......................................................................................106
MAKING PRESENTATIONS...........................................................................114
NEGOTIATIONS.................................................................................................122
BIBLIOGRAPHY................................................................................................136
И.А. Шерсткова
ESSENTIAL BUSINESS ENGLISH PRACTICE
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Caller 1: I don’t think that will be a problem.
Well, that’s OK, but I was wondering whether I could change the departure date if necessary.
You are near your seat.
You: What’s the fish? 
Traveller: Thank you. I’m sure I will.
I’m sorry, sir. I don’t know. You must go to the foreign exchange desk.
