Exercise 5. Odd one out (if any).

1. liner, coaster, lorry, freighter

2. stern, bow, ramp, aft

3. secure, stow, store, tow

4. perishable, refrigerated, bulk, fixed

5. derrick, crane, ramp, boom

6. compartment, galley, cabin, gangway

7. VLCC, TEU, LASH, LNG

 

Exercise 6. Read the dialogue and then make up your own one.

 

A: What’s that ship with the superstructure right forward and a couple of gantry cranes?

B: She’s one of LASH ships. They pick up fully loaded barges and stow them in layers in the hold. Then when they get to their destination they launch the barges over the stern and tugs take them in tow. That way LASH ships can load and discharge very quickly. It’s like a bigger version of container ships.

A: I see.

Exercise 7. Is this information true or false?

 

1. A tramp is not allowed to carry passengers.

2. Freighters that carry cargoes according to schedules that are not fixed are called liners.

3. General cargo is cargo that has been packed in crates or bags.

4. Lash-vessels usually carry lighters.

5. Perishable cargoes are oil, liquid gas and timber.

6. Dry bulk cargoes are loaded and discharged by derricks.

7. Merchant ships are designed to carry cargo and/or passengers.

8. There is no cargo handling equipment on Ro/Ro.

9. A coaster’s engine room is situated fore.

10. Heavy load vessel is designed to carry bulk containers.

Exercise 8. Match the term with its definition.

 

Term	Definition
1. Container ship	a. somewhat like small bulk carriers. These box-like vessels haul such cargoes as cement, coal, grain, gravel, and sand across harbours, on canals and rivers, and along coasts. Modern barges have diesel motors or are pushed or towed by tugs. The size of a canal or river barge is limited by the waterway on which it operates. The barge must be short enough to make the curves in the waterway and narrow enough to pass through canals. Barges that operate in coastal waters can be practically any size.
2. Dry bulk carrier	b. has been designed to lift and carry extremely heavy cargo on the main deck. Their cargoes such as drilling platforms, engines, trains, derelicts and wrecks are loaded onto the main deck that is free from any obstacles.
3. Barges	c. were among the first ships designed to carry only one kind of cargo - petroleum.
4. Multipurpose ships	d. eliminates the individual hatches, holds, and derricks of the traditional general cargo vessel. The hull of this ship is simply an enormous warehouse divided into cellsby vertical guide rails. The cells are designed to hold cargo in prepackaged units called containers. The ship does not need a large gang of workers spending hours to fit various items into dif­ferent holds. Giant cranes pick up the containers, swing them over the ship, and then lower them one upon the other into the cells. After the hold has been loaded, additional containers are stacked on the deck.
5. Tankers	e. are designed to haul several kinds of cargo at the same time. They can have refrigerated space for foods that spoil easily, tank space for liquid cargo, and a deck for automo­biles, etc.
6.Coasters	f. carries perishable cargoes, such as fruit and meat. These cargoes require cooling and must be stored in spaces that have precise temperature- and humidity controls during the voyage.
7. Heavy-load vessel	g. are the vessels that can be easily recognized by their tall derricks designed to lift a raw material from which wood-products are manufactured.
8. Timber carriers	h. take containers mounted on a framework of wheels like a truck trailer. These ships have a stern opening and side openings. These ships also carry cars, buses, house trailers, trucks, and any other cargo that can be rolled aboard.
9 Reefer or refrigerated-cargo vessel	i. carry cargo along the coast or on sea voyages. These ships are of limited length and tonnage. Often there are no tween decks and the cargo spaces have no obstacles, so that a variety of cargo can be handled. The ship’s engine room is situated aft.
10.Roll-on/roll-off ships, also known as ro-ro ships	k. transport fertilizer, grain, ore, salt, sugar, or any other cargo that can be piled loose into a hold. Like tankers, these vessels were designed to carry only one kind of cargo. But unlike tankers, the ore carriers hauled solid cargo. As a result, they required more complicated loading and unloading arrangements than tankers, which needed little more than hose connections and pumps.

 

Exercise 9. Choose the right variant.

 

1. … is a container that floats in the water. a) lighter b) crate c) box d) bag

 

2. Cargo is loaded and discharged by the vessel’s … on general cargo ships.

a) pumps b) gantry cranes c) trailers d) derricks

 

3. The loaded vehicles are driven aboard via …

a) a hold b) a ramp c) a compartment d) an engine room

 

4. Reefers are equipped with …

a) tween deck b) double bottom c) refrigerating plant d) gantry cranes

 

5. Double bottoms provide … for fuel, lubricating oil and waters.

a) discharge b) stowage c) storage d) emerge

 

 

Exercise 10. Translate the sentences into English.

 

1. Контейнеровозы обычно не оборудованы погрузочными механизмами.

2. Лихтеровоз — специализированное судно для перевозки груза в лихтерах или баржах, контейнерах.

3. Умеренная скорость хода и возможность перевозки различных грузов – две особенности трампового судна.

4. Каботажное судно, как правило, не выходит в открытое море.

5. Танкер — морское или речное грузовое судно, предназначенное для перевозки наливных грузов.

 

 

Lesson 5. Safety of the Engine Room

Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words and expressions:

 

1.	fire hazard	опасность возникновения пожара
2.	restricted water	судовой ход ограниченной ширины
	inert gas plant	установка для газификации топлива
	fresh water	пресная вода
	purifier	очиститель, очистной аппарат
	storage tank	резервуар для хранения нефтепродукта
	waste incinerator	устройство для сжигания мусора
	acceptable limits	допустимый границы (нормы)
	to be sufficient to	быть достаточным
	intake air	всасываемый воздух
	to pull into	втягивать
	exhaust blower	вытяжной вентилятор
	to dispose of	сбросить
	dumping	аварийный слив
	to keep tidy	содержать в чистоте и порядке
	tripping	спотыкание, падение
	exhaust manifold	выпускной (выхлопной) коллектор
	designated entrance	обозначенный вход
	to lag	покрыть изоляцией
	sounding pipe	измерительная трубка (в цистерне)
	emergency engine	резервный двигатель
	fuel-oil supply pump	топливоподкачивающий насос
	waste heat pump	циркуляционный насос
	setting tank	отстойная цистерна

 

Exercise 2. Read and translate the text, paying attention to the words in italics.

 

Safety Precautions

Engine rooms are hot, noisy, sometimes dirty and potentially dangerous. The presence of flammable fuel, high voltage (HV) electrical equipment and internal combustion engines (ICE) means that a serious fire hazard exists in the engine room, which is monitored continuously by the engine department and various monitoring systems. Engineers and motormen should wear safety clothing and in the engine room. They wear boiler suit, safety shoes, safety helmet, gloves and ear-muffs

In a ship’s engine room, where the maximum machines are located, crew carry out the maintenance for safe and efficient operation. Each machine on board a ship requires maintenance which has to be carried out at regular intervals of time.

The number of crew members and engineers on the ship has reduced. Many ships carry only 3-4 engineers on board a ship and even the time required to carry out maintenance on the ship has reduced. The number of crew members is less and the amount of machinery is more. That’s why it is so important to plan the maintenance of the machinery that should be overhauled and maintained properly. Second engineer is responsible for planning the schedule of maintenance on a ship.

There is no strict rules about the location of each item of equipment, but normally the engine room consists of several levels with different machinery such as auxiliary engines or diesel generators, a boiler, the inert gas plant, fresh water generator and purifiers, fuel and oil pumps and storage tanks, the engine control room, waste incinerator and some equipment like electrical panels at various levels. The location of the engine room itself isn't fixed for all types of ships. Most ships have engine room at the aft, while there are other variations in which it is located amidships or at the front side of the ship.

The engine room can either be manned or unmanned, which basically means that either there are duty engineer and crew present 24 hours a day in the engine room (typically on a 4-on-4-off duty mode). The actual mode depends on the type of ship, the level of automation, and certain navigating conditions such as navigation in restricted waters and so on.

When any watchkeeper enters the engine room, he is typically advised to follow a " funnel to tunnel" path where he starts inspecting the top most sections of the room and ends at the bottom most level. This helps to detect any leaks, abnormal noises, and other faults which may not be detected by the alarms and monitors installed on modern ships.

Maintenance and repair of engine room machinery requires moving of heavy parts from one place to another. As individual parts of main engine and machinery of ship weighs in tonnes, engine room crane operation and safety are the most important for the continuous operation of the ship.

If equipped with internal combustion or turbine engines, engine rooms comprise several means for providing air. If it is attended machinery space, additional ventilation should be available to keep engine room temperatures to acceptable limits. If it is UMS, the ventilation need only be sufficient to supply the engines with intake air.

The requirement for general ventilation and the requirement for sufficient combustion air are quite different. Engines pull sufficient air into the engine room for their own operation. However, additional airflow for ventilation usually requires intake and exhaust blowers.

 

Exercise 3. Give brief answers to the following questions:

 

1. Why is the engine room so dangerous? 2. What should engine room staff wear while working in machinery space? 3. What is about the number of the engineers and motormen in the engine room? 4. What is about the time for maintaining the machinery and equipment in machinery spaces? 5. Who is responsible for the schedule? 6. What is about the work time in the engine room? 7. Why are there different modes of working in the engine room? 8. What is the good piece of advice for engineers and motormen? 9. What is about engine room location? It depends on…. 10. The safety rules are very important in the machinery spaces, aren’t they? 11. How many types of engine rooms do you know? 12. Is it right, that the system of ventilation differs from the type of the engine rooms?

Exercise 4. Give equivalents:

 

· in Russian: main propulsion plant, sounding pipe, setting tank, machinery to be secured, ear-muffs, boiler suit, internal combustion engines, equipment to be checked, HV electrical equipment, to lag the pipes, to carry out maintenance, emergency source of power, reduced time, safety helmet, the schedule of the maintenance, level of automation, attended engine room, safety shoes with laces and heels, UMS, fuel-oil supply pump, sufficient level, purifier, auxiliary engine;

 

· in English: системы контроля, двигатель внутреннего сгорания, резервный насос, очиститель, машинное отделение с вахтенным обслуживанием, вспомогательный котел, уровень пресной воды, очистить забортную воду, проверять оборудование, аварийный слив, костюм для работы в МО, ошибки команды, слишком высокое давление, запрещать курение, измерительная трубка, датчик давления.

 

Exercise 5. Read and translate the following text. Make sure that new terms are written down to your vocabulary for this lesson.

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1. Exercise 1. Answer the questions (general understanding).
2. Exercise 1. Answer the questions.
3. Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence .
4. Exercise 1. Put the necessary word in the sentence.
5. Exercise 1. Translate into Russian. Comment on the use of Tenses.
6. Exercise 1. What do you know about the human body?
7. Exercise 2. Answer the questions.
8. Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks.
9. Exercise 2. Match the terms which will be used in the text (1-6) with their definitions (A-F).
10. Exercise 2. Notice the sentence from the dialogue. You need several days for that Use this structure to respond the following sentences.
11. Exercise 2. Put up four questions of different types (general, special, disjunctive, alternative) to each sentence.
12. Exercise 4. Do you agree with the recommendations given? Comment on each method suggested.