По специальности 190300 – «Подвижной состав железных дорог»

БРЯНСК 2015

УДК 42.07

Английский язык [Текст] + [Электронный ресурс]: методические указания к выполнению контрольных заданий для студентов 1-го и 2-го курсов заочной формы обучения по специальности 190300 – «Подвижной состав железных дорог». – Брянск: БГТУ, 2015. – 16 с.

Разработала

О.В. Киева,

канд. пед. наук, доц.

Рекомендовано кафедрой «Иностранные языки» БГТУ

(протокол № 8 от 31.10.14).

Методические указания публикуются в авторской редакции

Научный редактор Г.В. Царева

Компьютерный набор С.В. Ревеко

Подписано в печать. Формат 60х84 1/16. Бумага офсетная.

Офсетная печать. Усл. печ. л. 0, 93 Уч.-изд. л. 0, 93 Тираж 1 экз.

Брянский государственный технический университет

241035, Брянск, бульвар 50 лет Октября, 7, БГТУ

Кафедра «Иностранные языки», тел. 56-23-13
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов 1 и 2 курсов заочной формы обучения специальности 190300 – «Подвижной состав железных дорог».

Методические указания состоят из двух заданий для подготовки к выполнению контрольных работ и двух контрольных работ, представленных в двух вариантах.

Задания выполняются на аудиторном занятии под руководством преподавателя и предназначены для усвоения студентами специальной терминологии на английском языке, отработки навыков чтения и перевода текстов по своей специальности, что обеспечивает подготовку к выполнению контрольных работ. Контрольные работы выполняются студентами самостоятельно (одна в семестр).

Вариант контрольной работы студент выбирает в соответствии с последней цифрой номера зачетной книжки (четный – первый вариант, нечетный – второй). На титульном листе указывается ФИО студента, курс, группа, вариант контрольной работы, номер зачетной книжки и ФИО преподавателя.

ЗАДАНИЕ 1

Read and translate the text in writing using the words below.

device - прибор, устройство

literally - буквально

contraption - хитроумное приспособление

charter - чартер

axle - ось

reliable - надежный

load - груз

Steam Locomotives, devices that would literally drive and power the American railroad industry for its first 130 years of existence actually has its origins in England. Originally built by Richard Trevithick and Andrew Vivian in 1804 for the narrow gauge Penydarren tramway in Wales the contraption was first tested in America in 1826 by Colonel John Stevens, who showcased his “Steam Waggon” design (basically a steam-powered horse carriage) on a small circular track he had built on his estate in Hoboken, New Jersey. Colonel Stevens is also credited with owning the first railroad charter in North America when in 1815 he was granted permission to build the New Jersey Railroad Company, although it was never actually constructed until 1832 and would eventually become part of the Pennsylvania Railroad.

Later, in August of 1829 Horatio Allen, a chief engineer for the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company (later the Delaware & Hudson Railway) tested an early English steam design on a 16-mile stretch of track the company owned between Honesdale and Carbondale, Pennsylvania. The locomotive used was named the Stourbridge Lion, which was a very simple two-axle machine with a vertical boiler, and it was employed to move coal from the mines at Carbondale to Honesdale. Then, a year after that, another design was tested on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in August 1830, now known famously as the Tom Thumb (which is noted for racing a horse and lost, but just barely, and more than proved its ability as a reliable source of mechanical transportation). However, it was the South Carolina Canal & Railroad Company that would be the first railroad in the United States to haul a revenue train with American-built locomotives when its Best Friend of Charleston, which was built by the West Point Foundry in New York, carried a trainload of passengers on December 25, 1830.

2. Translate the following word combinations from English into Russian.

Steam Locomotives, the American railroad industry, the narrow gauge tramway, Colonel Stevens is also credited with, a chief engineer, a vertical boiler, a reliable source, the first railroad.

Translate the following word combinations from Russian into English.

Буквально, за 130 лет своего существования, в конечном итоге, участок дороги, протяженностью 130 миль, используемый локомотив назывался, простая двухосная машина, ее использовали для перевозки угля, перевозил пассажиров.

Complete the sentences.

1. Steam Locomotive... in England.

2. Originally it was built by....

3. Later, in August of 1829... tested an early English steam design on a 16-mile stretch of track.

4. The locomotive used was named....

5. Then, a year after that, another design was tested on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in August 1830, now known famously as....

Correct the wrong sentences.

1. Steam Locomotive has its origins in the US.

2. The contraption was first tested in America in 1826 by Richard Trevethick.

3. In August of 1829 Horatio Allen, a chief engineer for the Delaware & Hudson Canal Company tested an early English steam design.

4. The locomotive used was named the Stourbridge Lion, which was a very complex four-axle machine with a vertical boiler.

5. Then, a year after that, another design was tested on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in August 1930.

Answer the following questions.

1. What devices drove and power the American railroad industry for its first 130 years of existence?

2. Who built the first successful locomotive?

3. Who was the first to test the steam locomotive in America in 1826?

4. What locomotive was employed to move coal from the mines at Carbondale to Honesdale?

5. What American company was the first railroad in the United States to haul a revenue train with an American-built locomotive?

Speak on.

Early steam locomotives in the US.

ЗАДАНИЕ 2

Read and translate the text in writing using the words below.

electric drive - электрический привод

traction motor - тяговый мотор

auxiliary - вспомогательный

braking - торможение

similar - подобный

clutch - зажимное устройство; муфта; сцепка

torque converter - электрический трансформатор

Diesel-electric locomotives were introduced in the United States in 1924, and have become the most widely used type of locomotive. The modern diesel-electric locomotive is a self-contained, electrically propelled unit. Like the electric locomotive, it has electric drive, in the form of traction motors driving the axles and controlled with electronic controls. It also has many of the same auxiliary systems for cooling, lighting, heating, and braking. It differs principally in that it has its own generating station instead of being connected to a remote generating station through overhead wires or a third rail. The generating station consists of a large diesel engine coupled to an alternator or generator that provides the power for the traction motors. These motors drive the driving wheels by means of spur gears. The ratio of the gearing regulates the hauling power and maximum speed of the locomotive. A modern diesel-electric locomotive produces about 35% of the power of a electric locomotive of similar weight. Diesel-mechanical locomotives have a direct mechanical link consisting of a clutch and a series of gears and shafts between the engine and the wheels, similar to the transmission in an automobile. Because mechanical drives deliver less power to the wheels than electric and diesel-electric systems, they are only used with the smallest locomotives. In diesel-hydraulic locomotives the engine drives a torque converter, which uses fluids under pressure to transmit and regulate power to the wheels. Hydraulic drives are little used in the United States but are widely used in some countries, such as Germany.

2. Translate the following word combinations from English into Russian.

Diesel-electric locomotives, the most widely used type of locomotive, electrically propelled unit, it differs principally, driving wheels, by means of, an electric locomotive of similar weight, a series of gears and shafts, mechanical drives.

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