Translate the following word combinations from Russian into English.

Современный локомотив, электрический привод, электронные управляющие устройства, вспомогательная система охлаждения, система торможения, генератор переменного тока, тяговый мотор, максимальная скорость локомотива, между двигателем и колесами, жидкость под давлением.

Complete the sentences.

1. Diesel-electric locomotives were introduced in... in 1924.

2. The modern diesel-electric locomotive is a... unit.

3. It has..., in the form of traction motors driving the axles and controlled with... controls.

4. It also has many auxiliary systems for....

5. A modern diesel-electric locomotive produces... of the power of an electric locomotive of similar weight.

 

Correct the wrong sentences.

1. Diesel-electric locomotives were introduced in Great Britain in 1924, and have become the most widely used type of locomotive.

2. The modern diesel-electric locomotive is a self-contained, electrically propelled unit.

3. It has no electric drive and controlled with mechanical controls.

4. It is connected to a remote generating station through overhead wires or a third rail.

 

Answer the following questions.

1. When were diesel-electric locomotives introduced in the United State?

2. What is a modern diesel-electric locomotive?

3. What devices does it have?

4. What auxiliary systems does it have?

5. What other types of diesel locomotives do you know?

 

Speak on.

Diesel-electric locomotive.

 

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

Вариант 1

Read and translate the text in writing using the words below.

steam locomotive - паровой локомотив

railway journey - путешествие по железной дороге

high-pressure steam - пар под высоким давлением

engine - двигатель

twin-cylinder locomotive - локомотив с двумя цилиндрами

colliery - угольная шахта

increase efficiency - повысить эффективность

 

The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in the United Kingdom and, on 21 February 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-Darren ironworks, near Martyr Tydfil to Abercynon in South Wales. Accompanied with Andrew Vivian, it ran with mixed success.

The design incorporated a number of important innovations that included using high-pressure steam which reduced the weight of the engine and increased its efficiency.

Trevithick visited the Newcastle area in 1804 and he had a ready audience of colliery owners and engineers. The visit was so successful that the colliery railways in north-east England became the leading centre for experimentation and development of the steam locomotive. Trevithick continued his own steam propulsion experiments through another trio of locomotives, concluding with the Catch Me Who Can in 1808.

Another well known early locomotive was Puffing Billy, built 1813-1814 by engineer William Hedley. It was intended to work on the Wylam Colliery near Newcastle upon Tyne. This locomotive is the oldest preserved, and is on static display in the Science Museum, London.

George Stephenson built the Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway, north-east England, which was the first public steam railway in the world. In 1829, he built The Rocket which was entered in and won the Rainhill Trials. This success led to Stephenson establishing his company as the pre-eminent builder of steam locomotives used on railways in the UK, US and much of Europe.

 

2. Translate the following word combinations from English into Russian.

The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive, the world’s first railway journey took place, mixed success, colliery owners, steam propulsion experiments, on static display, the first public steam railway.

 

Translate the following word combinations from Russian into English.

Паровой локомотив без названия, конструкция включает, важные инновации, уменьшить вес двигателя, настолько успешный, ведущий центр по проведению экспериментов и разработок, он предназначался для, благодаря этому успеху.

Complete the sentences.

1. The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by....

2. Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled....

3. Puffing Billy was built by... in....

4. George Stephenson built....

5. The Stockton and Darlington Railway was....

 

Correct the wrong sentences.

1. The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by William Hedley.

2. The world's first railway journey took place on 23 April 1805.

3. The design incorporated a number of important innovations that included using low-pressure steam which increased the weight of the engine and reduced its efficiency.

4. Another well known early locomotive was Puffing Billy, built 1813-1814 by engineer Richard Trevithick.

5. George Stephenson built the Locomotion for the Stockton and Darlington Railway.

 

Answer the following questions.

1. Who built the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive?

2. Where did the world's first railway journey take place?

3. What did the design of Trevithick's locomotive incorporate?

4. What was the name of the first successful locomotive built by Trevithick?

5. What was another well known early locomotive?

1. 6.Who built the first public steam railway in the world?

6. What locomotive won the Rainhill Trials?

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

Вариант 2

Read and translate the text in writing using the words below.

available - доступный, имеющийся в наличии

resistance - сопротивление

electric locomotives - электровоз

restrict - разграничивать

size - размер

catenary - контактный провод

 

Economics demands that locomotives use an available and plentiful form of potential energy; that they convert it to useful work efficiently; that they be capable of applying sufficient force to overcome the resistance of the loaded vehicles they are to move, and they do so in the time allotted; and that they be durable, reliable, and relatively easy to maintain.

The first locomotives (around 1830) were steam propelled. Because of the many advantages of other forms of motive power, steam locomotives began to be replaced shortly after World War II and had virtually disappeared in the United States by the late 1950s.

Electric locomotives draw electricity from a third rail set alongside the running rails of track through a sliding shoe that transmits electric power to the locomotive, or from a configuration of overhead wires known as a catenary by means of a pantograph that raises or lowers to compensate for wire height variations.

The cost of these electric distribution systems has restricted the use of electric motive power to only very high traffic routes such as the Northeast Corridor of Amtrak in the United States, commuter lines, and some routes in Japan, Russia, England, and continental Europe.

Diesel-electric locomotive units are produced in a number of sizes, with corresponding power. Switching or shunting locomotives are of approximately 1000 hp and low maximum speed, while mainline passenger and freight units are being designed to produce 5000-6000 hp. Several diesel-electric units are most often coupled together to produce a single locomotive of as much as 15, 000 hp or more. In such cases the entire locomotive assembly is controlled from the leading unit.

 

2. Translate the following word combinations from English into Russian.

An available and plentiful form of potential energy, useful work, easy to maintain, a configuration of overhead wires, by means of a pantograph, a number of sizes, Switching or shunting locomotives, a single locomotive, the leading unit.

 

Translate the following word combinations from Russian into English.

В соответствии с требованиями экономики, преобразовывать потенциальную энергию в полезную работу, преодолеть сопротивление загруженного состава, надежный локомотив, сразу же после второй мировой войны, к концу 1950-х, электрический рельс, ограничили использование грузовых составов.

 

Complete the sentences.

1. Locomotives should be easy....

2. The first locomotives appeared around....

3. Steam locomotives... shortly after World War II.

4. A sliding shoe transmits... to the locomotive.

5. Overhead wires are known as....

6. Diesel-electric locomotive units are produced....

7. Freight units are being designed to produce... 5000-6000 hp.

 

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