The Political System of Russia

 

The Russian Federation was set up by the Constitution of 1993. After its destruction in 1991, the Soviet Union was broken up into an independent Russia and and 14 other new, sovereign nations.

 

The Russian Federation is a presidential (or a constitutional) republic. The President is the head of state and is elected directly by the people. He controls all the three branches of power. The President is commander-in-chief of the armed force, he makes treaties and enforces laws, appoints the prime minister, cabinet members and key judges. The President can override and in some cases even dissolve the national parliament, the bicameral Federal Assembly. The President has his administration, but it is not part of the Federal Government. The President is involved in the work of the legislative and executive branches.

 

The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President. The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of the Federation Council (upper house) and the State Duma (lower house). The members of the State Duma are elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The Federation Council is not elected. It is formed of the heads of the regions. Each Chamber is headed by the Chairman. Legislature is initiated in the State Duma, but to become a law a bill must be approved by the lower and upper house and signed by the President. The executive power belongs to the Government. The judiciak branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional corts.

 

3. выпишите правильный вариант ответа.

 

1) The Russian Federation is a parliamentary monarchy.

2) The President is the head of state and is elected by the State Duma.

3) The President is involved in the work of the legislative and judicial branches of power.

4) The government consists of the Federal Assembly and the Federation Council.

5) The executive power is vested in the Federal Assembly.

6) The Federation Council is elected by popular vote.

7) The Federation Council is formed of the heads of the regions.

8) Each Chamber of the Federation Council is checked and balance by the President.

9) The legislative power is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.

10) The Russian Federation was set up by the Constitution of 1991.

Составьте рассказ о государственном устройстве России, используя следующие словосочетания.

I’d like to tell about …

The Russian Federation was set up …

Politically it is …

The head of state is …

His function are …

There are three branches of power: …

The Federal Assembly consists of …

The State Duma is elected by …

The Federation Council is formed of …

The legislative power …

The executive power …

The judicial power …

 

Напишите 10-15 предложений об обязанностях президента России.

 

Запишите следующие предложения, используя глагол в правильной форме.

1. Russia soon (to become) a key player on the world stage?
2. Russia (to have) political weight in the past.
3. Russia’s economy (to depend) on oil prices.
4. Russia (to take) steps to protect itself again terrorist action.
5. Election of the President (to take) place every four years.
6. The political system of Russia (to be) established by the Constitution in 1993.
7. The Russian economy permanently (to grow) due to recent reforms in banking, labour and private property.
8. Russia year by year (to improve) its international relationships and cooperation in areas of mutual interest.

 

8.Соотнесите варианты.

1. lower house
2. the head of state
3. the Parliament of the Russian Federation
4. a written proposal for a new law, which is brought before parliament
5. the standard unit of money in Russia
6. a set of pictures painted on a shield and used as the special sign of the state
7. the chairman of the Government
8. the main political party
9. the official song of a nation that is sung or played on public occasions
10. the Upper House

 

1. the State Duma
2. United Russia
3. a bill
4. the President
5. the Federal Assembly
6. the rouble
7. the Federation Council
8. the Prime Minister
9. coat of arms
10. the national anthem

 

 

9.Ответьте на вопросы, обсудите их в парах

Are you interested in politics? Why? / Why not?

How do you stay informed on current events in Russia?

Do you discuss politics with your friends/relatives?

Do you have the right vote? Do you vote? Why? / Why not?

 

Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Text: “System of Government”

 

Britain is a parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch — Queen Elizabeth II — as a head of State.

Today the Queen is not only head of State but also an important symbol of national unity. The royal title in Britain is:

" Elizabeth the Second, by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith." In law the Queen is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the Commander-in-chief of all the armed forces of the Crown and the Supreme Governor of the established Church of England.

The Queen and the royal family continue to take part in many traditional ceremonies. They visit different parts of Britain; they are involved in the work of many charities. In practice the monarch has no actual power: they say, the monarch reigns but doesn't rule. Queen's power is limited by the Parliament. Parliament is the supreme legislative authority in Britain and the Prime Minister is the virtual ruler of the country.

Parliament comprises the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the Queen in her constitutional role. The Queen summons, prorogues and dissolves Parliament. She opens each session with a speech. It is her duty to make appointments to all important state offices. The Queen must see all Cabinet documents. She has the power to conclude treaties, to declare war and make peace.

The Commons has 651 elected Members of Parliament (MPs).

The Lords is made up of 1, 185 hereditary and life peers, and the two archbishops and the 24 most senior bishops of the established Church of England. The centre of parliamentary power is the House of Commons. The leader of the party that obtains a majority in the House of Commons is the Prime Minister. The party which has majority of the seats in the House of Commons is called the Government, and the other is the Oppo­sition. The Government may hold office for five years.

All the affairs of the State are conducted in the name of the Queen, but really the Prime Minister is responsible for every measure submitted to Parliament. As a head of the Government the Prime Minister appoints about 100 ministers, of whom about 20 are in the Cabinet (the senior group which takes major policy decisions). Ministers are responsible for government decisions and individually responsible for their own departments.

The Opposition has a duty to challenge government policies and to present an alternative programme.

 

11.Ответьте на вопросы.

1. Is Britain a monarchy?

2. Who rules the country?

3. Who is the Commander-in-chief the armed forces of the Crown?

4. What is the supreme legislative of all authority in Britain?

5. How is the Government formed?

6. What are the duties of the Queen?

 

12.Переведите следующие словосочетания.

1. The head of State — 5. To hold office for five years —

2. The power is limited — 6. To be responsible for —

3. The leader of the party — 7. To present an alternative programme —

4. Majority of the seats —

13.Выпишите правильные варианты ответа.

1. Britain is a parliamentary monarchy.

2. The Prime Minister is head of State.

3. The Queen only takes part in traditional ceremonies.

4. Queen's power is limited by the Parliament.

5. The Parliament is the supreme legislative authority.

6. The Lords are elected members of Parliament.

7. The centre of parliamentary power is the House of Commons.

8. All affairs of the State are conducted in the name of the Queen.

9. The Prime Minister declares war and makes peace.

10. Ministers are responsible for their own departments.

 

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