III. Agree or disagree with the statements

1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3) There are four elements of computer system: hardware, software, diskettes and data.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4) Without software instructions hardware doesn't know what to do.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5) The software is the most important components because it is made by people.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6) The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

IV. Fill in the gaps:

1) Information in the form of instruction is called a …_____________________________

2) The basic job of the computer is the…________________________________________

3) Computer is used______________________________ information in the digital form.

4) Computers take information in the form of symbols called________________________

V. Translate the text

IMB (international business Machines) launched the PC in 1981. Improved versions quickly followed. The basic PC had just 64K (K=Kilobyte) of RAM. RAM is (R)andom (A)ccess (M)emory, the computer's built-it memory, used for holding the instruction programs, for working space, and working storage. The first PC had one floppy-disk drive. Floppy disks are a mean of electronically recording computer programs and computer output.

The disks are “read” and “written to” in a disk drive. They are called “floppy” disks because, initially, they were.

Today, huge-capacity storage disks are built into most computers.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. Ask some questions to the text.

2. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

1)Компьютер – это устройство для обработки информации.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2)Без программ устройство не работает.

______________________________________________________________________

3)Компьютерная система состоит из 4 элементов:

· Оборудование

· Программы

· Операции

· Данные

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4)В 1981 году в ПК было только 64 килобайта оперативной памяти.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5)У первого ПК был один дисковод.

______________________________________________________________________

6)Компьютер превращает данные в информацию.

______________________________________________________________________

7)Компьютер сохраняет информацию в цифровом виде.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8)Компьютер выполняет разные математические и логические операции.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9)Информация в форме инструкций называется программой.

______________________________________________________________________ 3.Give some information about computers.

Unit 4

What is hardware?

The hardware- the devices composing a computer system.

Computer hardware can be divided into four categories:

input hardware.
processing hardware.
storage hardware.
output hardware.

Input hardware

Input hardware collects data and converts them into a form suitable for computer processing. The most common input device is a keyboard. It looks very much like a typewriter. The mouse is hand-held device connected to the computer by a small cable. As the mouse is rolled across the desktop, the cursor moves across the screen. When the cursor reaches the desired location, the user usually pushes a button on the mouse once or twice to give a command to the computer.

Processing hardware

Processing hardware directs the execution of software instructions in the computer. The most common components of processing hardware are the central processing unit and main memory.

The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. It reads and interprets software instructions and coordinates the processing.

Memory is the component of the computer in which information is stored. There are two types of computer memory: RAM and ROM.

RAM (random access memory) is the memory, used for creating, loading and running programs.

ROM (read only memory) is computer memory used to hold programmed instructions to the system.

The more memory you have in your computer, the more operations you can perform.

Storage hardware

The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and date hardware.

There are two types of output; soft copy and hard copy. Soft copy is information that is seen on a television-like screen, of monitor, attached to most computers. It is temporary; as soon as the monitor is turned off or new information is required, the old information vanishes. Hard copy is output printed in a tangible form such as on paper. It can be read without using the computer and can be conveniently carried around, written on, or passed to other readers.

Vocabulary:

Keyboard клавиатура

Mouse мышь

to load загружать

Instruction команда

Error message сообщение об ошибки

Input ввод

Output вывод информации

Button кнопка

Memory память

to create создавать

Soft copy мягкая копия, изображение на экране

Hard copy твердая копия, машинная (печатная)

to attach подсоединяться, подключать

I. Answer the following questions.

1. What is hardware?

______________________________________________________________________

2. What does input hardware do?

______________________________________________________________________

3. What is the most common input device?

______________________________________________________________________

4. What are the main components of processing hardware?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What is the purpose of storage hardware?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What do you think is a hard copy?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

II. Agree or disagree with the statements.

1. Hard copy vanishes when we turn the computer off.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. There are two types of input: soft copy and hard copy.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Processing occurs in the part of the computer called the mouse.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Information is stored in memory.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The more memory you have in you computer, the less operations you can perform.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Hard copy can be read without using the computer.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. Fill in the table. Use the picture.

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