V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различное значение выделенных слов.

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1. We have to raise our price for item because of increased raw material costs.

2. He did as he was requested.

3. I find your position absolutely necessary for the agency.

4. The boss is either at the office or in the bank.

5. I have lived in this city since we moved here three years ago.

VI. 1. Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст.

Перепишите и письменно переведите заглавие и 1, 3, 4 абзацы текста.

WHAT IS DELEGATION?

1. Delegation is the granting of authority and independence to another person to complete a project. It must be understood that with the authority to do a job, comes the responsibility to get it done. A benefit of good delegation is that it gives a manager the opportunity to spend more time on important work, which cannot be delegated.

2. For these reasons, delegating work and responsibility can be very beneficial for the company. But to be effective, delegation must be used with some caution. Before delegating a project, you, as a manager, must first answer two questions:

1) To whom should projects be delegated?

2) What kind and how much work and responsibility can be delegated to this person?

3. It is important to understand that delegation involves projects, which include significant decision making. If an employee is not given the responsibility to make decisions, it is not delegation. The assigning of routine and repetitive work does not bring the benefits which delegation can.

4. Work assignment, even though the employee is asked to perform a specific task as assigned, also has the potential to add to the positive climate – when it is fair and takes employee preferences into consideration. This, obviously, is difficult to do all the time, but if employees are given as much of a voice in deciding who should receive non-regular work assignments, good ones as well as undesirable ones, then these assignments are likely to have a beneficial impact on morale.

5. Delegating work to an employee who is not ready to accept the responsibility can have two negative effects:

1) The job will not get done or not be completed in time.

2) The failures that result from ineffective delegation will have an understandably bad effect on the employee.

6. When delegating, it is good to always remember that effective delegation of work is not giving up all your authority. The delegate should have a fair amount of freedom, but the manager must retain some control. This will insure that the project is satisfactorily completed.

Пояснения к тексту:

delegation – делегирование, передача полномочий

granting of authority – предоставление полномочий

work assignment – рабочее задание

to insure – гарантировать, обеспечивать

beneficial – выгодный, полезный

impact – влияние

routine – рутина; однообразная, механически выполняемая работа

repetitive – повторяющийся

VII. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is delegation?

2. In what cases delegation can be beneficial?

3. What can be negative effects of delegating to a person who is not ready to accept the responsibility?

Вариант № 2

I. Дополните предложения данными словами. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

еmployment position application skills tariffs

1. They have sent me an _______ form.

2. If you improve your language _______, you will be able to get a better job.

3. The new factory has provided opportunities of _______ for local people.

4. These new import ______ make our products 50% more expensive.

5. Firms have to think carefully how to _____ their products; in other words to know which segment of the market they want to target.

II. Соедините начало и конец предложения. Запишите их.

1. They are laying off 300 workers…..

2. She turned down the job offer…….

3. Rich retired people is the segment …….

4. We need a fresh marketing strategy if …….

5. One way of dealing with a competitor ……..

a. …. we are going to stay ahead of the competition.

b. …. that we should target!

c. …. because there aren’t enough orders.

d. …. is to take it over.

e. …. because it involved working shifts.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая

Внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

1.Where is the bus terminal?

2. He wants to find a suitable full-time job.

3.The Russian Federation Information Technology and Communication Ministry deals with the Information Technology and communication problems.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видо- временные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык. Запишите эти предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах.

1. Adam Smith described the market economy of his time.

2. The age of the population has economic significance.

3. Prices for vegetables will go down in summer months.

V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различное значение выделенных слов.

1. Total spending declines as income falls and unemployment rises.

2. Because of the reorganization of our production we cannot use the ordered material.

3. These are agreements for merchant firms and sales agents.

4. Since we have gone over the budget, we cannot buy any computers.

VI.1. Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст.

Перепишите и письменно переведите заглавие и 1, 2, 7 абзацы текста.

WHAT IS A MANAGER?

1. A number of different terms are often used instead of the term «manager», including «director», «administrator» and «president». The term «manager» is used more frequently in profit-making organizations, while the others are used more widely in government and non-profit organizations such as universities, hospitals and social work agencies.

2. So, what is a «manager»? In its broad meaning the term «manager» applies to the people who are responsible for making and carrying out decisions within a certain system. A personal manager directly supervises people in an organization. Financial manager is a person who is responsible for finance. Sales manager is responsible for selling of goods. A marketing manager is responsible for promotion of products on the market.

3. Almost everything a manager does involves decision – making. When a problem exists a manager has to make a decision to solve it. In decision – making there is always some uncertainty and risk.

4. Management is a variety of specific activities. Management is a function of planning, organizing, coordinating, directing and controlling. Any managerial system, at any managerial level, is characterized in terms of these general functions.

5. Managing is a responsible and hard job. There is a lot to be done and relatively little time to do it. In all types of organizations managerial efficiency depends on manager’s direct personal relationships, hard work on a variety of activities and preference for active tasks.

6. The characteristics of management often vary according to national culture, which can determine how managers are trained, how they lead people and how they approach their jobs.

7. The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she occupies in its hierarchy. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called subordinates. To do this successfully, they must use their authority, which is the right to take decisions and give orders. Managers often delegate authority. This means that employees at lower levels in the company hierarchy can use their initiative that is make decisions without asking their manager.

Пояснения к тексту:

personal manager – начальник отдела кадров

financial manager – финансовый менеджер

marketing manager – менеджер по маркетингу

to supervise – наблюдать; надзирать; заведовать

profit-making organization – коммерческая организация

managerial – управленческий

hierarchy – иерархия

subordinate – подчинённый

authority – власть, полномочия

to delegate authority – передавать полномочия

VII. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is manager’s role in an organization?

2. What concrete activities a production manager (financial manager, personnel manager, marketing manager) is responsible for?

3. What is the difference between sales management and marketing management?

4. What means to delegate authority?

Контрольная работа № 2

Вариант № 1

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