Суффиксы прилагательных, означающих качество, признак, выраженных основой

-ful	to wonder	удивляться	wonderful	удивительный
-y	to weigh	взвешивать	weighty	тяжёлый
-ed	hook	крючок	hooked	кривой

 

2.1 Form nouns from the words by means of the suffix -less. Translate into English.

Model: help – помощь – help less – беспомощный

aim, brain, care, change, cloud, house, price, value, voice, sound, job, name.

2.2 Translate into English, using the suffix -less.

бессердечный (heart), бессонный (sleep), безжалостный (pity), бесполезный (use), безграничный (bound), безлистый (leaf), без удобств (comfort), без будущего (future), без запаха (scent), без каблуков (heel), недвижимый (motion), безвредный (harm), не имеющий веса (weight), безденежный (money).

 

Match the words in column A with their synonyms in

column B:

A B

gloomy blameless

innocent spotless

weak boundless

pale defenceless

 

vast colourless

clean cheerless

quiet lifeless

correct pitiless

cruel noiseless

dead faultless

 

Transform these adjectives into the root words.

Model: helpful – полезный – help– помощь

forceful, successful, harmful, useful, fruitful, colourful, tasteful, powerful, changeful.

 

Answer the following questions.

a) Do you find physical exercises useful?

b) What films do you find the most successful?

c) Are the meals cooked by your mother tasteful?

d) What people are trustful?

e) What sort of activities are wasteful?

 

2.6 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -y. Translate into Russian.

 

Model: steel – сталь – steel y – стальной

grass, chalk, wind, dream, storm, taste, sugar, luck, rain, silk.

 

Transform these adjectives into the root words.

Translate into Russian.

Model: crowd ed – переполненный – crowd – толпа

moneyed, hooked, balconied, spectacled, haired, blooded, ragged.

2.8 Match the words in column A with their synonyms in column B:

A B

experienced	fruitful
rich	skilled
careful	muddy
successful	gloomy
dirty	needy
sad	lucky
cheerful	thoughtful
dark	joyful
poor	dusky
well	foxy
sly	healthy
pleasant	stony
hard	delightful
terrible	fearful
disgraceful	gifted
capable	shameful
necessary	needful
cold	weighty
heavy	frosty

Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ish. Translate into English.

a) fool, child, wood, water, cat, clown, snow, yellow, short, lazy, long, sad, warm.

b) Sweden, Denmark, Turkey, Finland.

 

2.10 Translate into English using the suffix -ish.

коричневатый (brown), сероватый (grey), упрямый как осел (mule), игривый (как котенок) (kitten), толстый, похожий на глыбу (lump), дьявольский (devil), хитроватый (sly).

2.11 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -able

(-ible). Translate into English.

Model: answer – отвечать;

answer able – такой, на который можно ответить, возразить

approach, compare, convert, believe, break, change, eat, enjoy, suit, inhabit, reduce, move, observe, teach, distinguish, read, recognize, prove, desire, laugh, fashion, place, value, reason, size, favour, suit.

 

Answer the following questions.

1. What breakable things are there on your table?

2. Is your handwriting readable?

3. When is the weather most changeable?

4. Do you have any clothes which are not wearable?

5. Are the explanations given by your teacher always understandable?

6. Is it desirable for you to have two days off a week?

 

2.13 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ary

(-ory). Translate into English.

Model: element– элемент – element ary – элементарный

prime, discipline, evolution, imagine, reaction, legend, exploration, honour, tradition, compel, oblige.

 

2.14 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ic.

Translate into English.

Model: atom– атом – atom ic – атомный

magnet, sulphur, artist, base, class, cube, atmosphere, electron, egoist, enthusiast, period, poet, symbol.

2.15 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ous.

Translate into Russian.

Model: gas– газ – gase ous – газообразный

analogy, poison danger, generosity, humor, desire, scandal, continue, infection.

 

2.16 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ive.

Translate into Russian.

Model: reflect– отражать – reflect ive – отражающий

create, indicate, imitate, illustrate, attract, prevent, possess, negate, invent, restore, decorate, execute, relate, regulate, demonstrate.

 

Read and translate the following adjectives.

Translate into Russian.

homelike, ladylike, manlike, lifelike, warlike, fishlike, businesslike, gooselike, babylike.

 

2.18 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ly.

Translate into Russian.

Model: earth – Земля – earth ly – земной

man, god, wife, world, cost, coward, master, lord, king, queen, saint.

 

Translate into Russian.

brotherly love, neigbourly relations, orderly room, weakly child, bodily suffering, heavenly bodies, goodly sum of money, to feel poorly, elderly relatives, easterly wind, southerly direction, beastly weather, timely aid.

 

2.20 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -ian.

Translate into Russian.

Model: Russia – Россия – Russ ian – русский

Brazil, Germany, Canada, Hungary, Mexico.

2.21 Translate into English using the suffix -ian.

австралийская шерсть (wool), индийский чай, украинская пшеница, армянское вино, калифорнийские фрукты, арабский хлопок, бразильский кофе, иранская нефть, кубинский сахар, сибирский лес, белорусские яблоки.

 

2.22 Form adjectives from the words by means of the suffix -al.

Translate into Russian.

Model: experiment – эксперимент – experiment al –

экспериментальный

proportion, theory, logic, culture, ratio, pharmaceutics, nature, universe, electricity, occasion, origin, sensation, symmetry.

 

Answer the following questions.

1. What is your usual mealtime?

2. What physical laws do you know?

3. Do you like sentimental poetry?

4. Are there any theoretical problems that are of great interest to you?

2.24 Complete each sentence with a form of the word in brackets, for example:

It’s too windy to wear a hat today. (WIND)

The new word will end in -ed, -ful, -ing or -y

1. If it's............... tomorrow, let's go to the beach. (SUN)

2. Lenny looked very......... when he saw us. (SURPRISE)

3. We've got some very.... news for you. (SURPRISE)

4. We watched a very........ show on television (FUN)

last night.

6. Mum gets............ when Jill is so late. (WORRY)

7. In............... weather like this the yachts (STORM)

usually stay in the harbour.

8. In my country most......... men don't wear (MARRY)

a ring.

9. I went to an............ talk about finding a job. (INTEREST)

10. Bye! Have a......... holiday! (WONDER)

11. Sheila lives in a very....... part of (BEAUTY)

the country.

12. John usually feels....... after a big meal. (SLEEP)

13. A calculator can be very.... if you work (USE)

in a shop.

14. Gina was very........ when people stared (EMBARASS)

at her new hairdo.

15. It's really.......... sitting at a computer all day. (TIRE)

Complete each sentence with an adjective using the suffixes

-ful, -ly or -y.

1. You must be............. when you open the door. (CARE)

2. The countryside looks very....... now. (COLOUR)

3. That was a very............ thing to do! (COWARD)

4. He has a.............. routine of exercises. (DAY)

5. She was............. when I told her my plan. (DOUBT)

6. It was very............. so I drove slowly. (FOG)

7. It's nice meeting such a....... person. (FRIEND)

8. He looked very.......... in that hat. (FUN)

9. They saw a........... figure at the castle door. (GHOST)

10. Working on the car made her hands....... (GREASE)

11. Let's go for a........ walk in the fresh air! (HEALTH)

12. We're........... that they'll agree to come. (HOPE)

13. Seeing all that food made me very......... (HUNGER)

14. She married a........ businessman. (SUCCESS)

15. He looked......... when he heard the news. (THOUGHT)

16. This map was very..... on my holiday. (USE)

17. It was.......... to see him again. (WONDER)

 

Complete the sentences with the adjectives derived from the words in brackets.

-ful, -ic, -ive, -ible, -ious, -less, -ish, -y, -ing, -able

 

1. John is very …. He never remembers where his things are. (forget)

2. Luke is ….I think he’ll become a painter. (create)

3. He’s very …. He wants to become rich and famous. (ambition)

4. Ann’s …. She always loses her things. (care)

5. Don’t be … Think of others first. (self)

6. He’s very …. He tells the best jokes. (fun)

7. Sam can’t find a … job. (suit)

8. Tom is brilliant at making any subject … to small children. (comprehend)

9. Being a teacher is always … because every y is different. (interest)

10. Now he has graduated university, Lee is a … architect. (quality)

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