The Indicative Mood. The Use of Tenses

Exercise 116 - 1) goes, takes; 2) has; 3) speaks; 4) look; 5) wins;

6) seems; 7) snows, rains; 8) eats; 9) is; 10) start

Exercise 117

1) work, produces; 2) work, is, are made; 3) start, comes; 4) is, writes; 5) does not know, goes, work; 6) help, know;

7) answers, shows; 8) does, writes, files, answers; 9) arranges; 10) understand, is, is; 11) does not like, wants

Exercise 118

' copying, translating, seeing, meeting, forgetting, lying, flying quitting, spreading, eating, beginning, paying, opening, forbidding, stopping

Exercise 119

. 1) are working, are making; 2) goes; 3) is meeting, is coming; 4) is crying; 5) have, take; 6) describes; 7) is working; 8) dreams, does; 9) is being; 10) are waiting; 11) is boiling; 12) are getting; 13) is taking, takes; 14) are changing, are getting; 15) are leaving; 16) am studying; 17) boils; 18) are breaking; 19) surprises; 20) looks

Exercise 120

1) is striking; 2) understand; 3) is preparing, prepares; 4) is coming; 5) are shivering, feel; 6) is having; 7) tastes;

8) see, are driving; 9) believes, goes; 10) hate, complains, forgets; 11) are being, feel, like; 12) changes, belongs; 13) is trying; 14) smells; 15) is wearing; 16) drinks, is drinking; 17) leaves; 18) wants, is taking; 19) likes, laughs; 20) are laughing, complain

Exercise 121

1. Peter usually does homework before supper. 2. Why are you walking so fast? — I am afraid of missing the train. I always leave home earlier and walk slowly. 3. What new subjects are the students taking this year? 4. Why is he being so careful today? It's strange, he is not usually like this. 5. Mr. Thompson is living in Prague now. — What is he doing there? — He is teaching English. 6. It is snowing today. Winter is usually warm here and it does not often snow. 7.1 can't speak to you any longer. Why are you always criticizing all I do? 8. What's the matter with you? You are looking rather pale. How are you feeling? — I've got a bad headache. 9. When are they flying for New York? — Next week. 10. What are you doing? Why are you putting salt into your coffee? 11. Now it is a crisis and prices are rising very fast. 12. How delicious the coffee smells! Make me a cup, please, only without sugar.

Exercise 122

1) began; 2) was, put, caught; 3) brought; 4) saw; 5) had, spoiled; 6) did you go, were; 7) got, went; 8) did you see, were; 9) went; 10) came, took, moved, joined; 11) did he arrive, came; 12) did your bag cost, paid

Exercise 123

stands, crowd, come, is, is, is, offer, made up, hired, rowed, arrived, strolled, was surprised, told, asked, is, dines, said

Exercise 124

A 1.1 have found a new job. 2. My father has retired. 3. Jane and Mike have gone to work to Australia. 4.1 have bought a new motorcycle, 5. My niece has started to walk. 6. The Browns have moved to another town. 7 Jack's Grandpa has died. 8.1 have joined another football club. 9. Nick and Rita have divorced. 10. John has received a fortune, he has become a millionaire.

В 1, Have you already seen the Great American Lakes? 2, Ha /e you been to Broadway? 3. Has Mike managed to see the Statue of Liberty? 3. What new places has your brother shown to you? 4. Has Ann visited the White House? 5= Has your father got promotion? 6. Have you received your driving license? 7. Has your brother changed a car? 8. What kind of house have you bought?

С 1. Sue has not read Gone with the Wind yet. 2. Jill has not entered London University this year. 3. Larry has not produced a new film yet. 4. Peggy and Paul have not moved to another flat this month. 5. Pete has not finished his project yet. 6. My cousin has not got married this month. 7. Mrs. Brown has not recovered yet. 8. They have not gone on business this week.

Exercise 125

1) have, have ordered; 2) live/am living, have lived; 3) is, is coming, smokes, does not let; 4) write, have not written; 5) looks, has been; 6) have you not shaven, shave; 7) shows, absorb, affects; 8) have looked, have seen, is falling; 9) has not finished, makes, is working; 10) see, have not seen

Exercise 126

1) have found, lost, found, came; 2) has stopped; 3) has left; 4) have seen; 5) met; 6) have known, met, have not seen; 7) lived, went; 8) did... arrive, arrived; 9) read; 10) have not finished; 11) has stopped; 12) left, have not seen; 13) have had; 14) have visited; 15) have not seen, has happened, got, has been; 16) have... switched; 17) has... done, did; 18) has... come, came; 19) did... meet; 20) have been, was; 21) has begun; 22) did..., take have broken; 23) tell; 24) died; 25) have not met, left; 26) has stopped

Exercise 127

If, 2i, 3g, 4j (c), 5h, 6a, 7c (j), 8e, 9b, lOd

Exercise 128

Id, 2b, За, 4d, 5b

Exercise 129

1. Where is Mr. Andersen? — He has left for the Hague. — When did he leave? — Several days ago. — I have never been to the Netherlands, though I have wanted to go there for several years. 2. Have you ever been to Santa Barbara? — Yes. — When were you there last? — Last year, 3. Where is Ann? Why hasn't she come to the institute today? I haven't seen her today. Has anything happened to her? — No, Ann is here. She has just gone to the lecture. But the lecture has already begun, so you won't be able to speak to her. 4. Have you been to a Broadway theatre? What did you see there? When were you there last? 5.1 haven't heard from my parents lately. — When did you get the last letter? — A month ago. I have sent them several letters since that time. 6. Let's go to the restaurant to dine. — Oh, I'd love to. I haven't had dinner yet. — When did you have breakfast? — Late in the morning, but I have been hungry for a long time. 7. The weather has changed since yesterday. It's very cold, it's snowing and a strong wind is blowing. 8. Have they gone away yet? — Yes, they left at 7 sharp. 9. They met at my friend's six months ago, but they haven't seen each other since then. 10.1 miss my family. I think I haven't been home for ages. I've been on my business trip for six months already,

11. Have you written your test yet? Show it to me, please.

12. Did you come long ago? Did you see him? — I came yesterday, I saw him and spoke to him after breakfast this morning. 13. Three months later he went to Africa. They haven't met since then. 14.1 came here long ago. I've been here since 9 o'clock, 15. Your hair has got a little darker since that time. 16. We have just sold the last copy of the book. It's a pity you haven't told us that

you need it. 17. When did he get ill? — Three days ago. I've been with him since yesterday. 18.1 found out your telephone number in the enquiry office and called you several times, but nobody answered. 19. Have > ou been here for a long time? — No, I've just come. 20. He learned to swim when he was a child. They were in the South then.

Exercise 130

1) has been studying; 2) have been waiting; 3) have been making; 4) have... been trying; 6) have... been doing, Have... been painting; 6) have been considering; 7) have bpen speaking; 8) has been running; 9) has been snowing; 10) has... been working; 11) have been walking for six hours

Exercise 131

1) have been trying, have given; 2) has lost, have been looking; 3) has been, has lived/has been living; 4) Have... worked, have been doing; 5) have... made up, have not been; 6) has been asking, has got; 7) has been helping, have developed; 8) have known; 9) have opened, have been ringing; 10) has been talking, has missed

Exercise 132

1) is taking, has been taking; 2) are playing, have been playing; 3) have been learning, is improving; 4) is coming; 5) has been staying, has been trying; 6) is working, is preparing, has been writing; 7) is doing; 8) Are... discussing, have been doing; 9) are going up, have been rising; 10) is blowing, has been blowing

Exercise 133

1) has been snowing, is snowing; 2) have been climbing, have not reached; 3) has gone, is crying; 4) have been working, have been busy/are busy; 5) has been solving, says, is, is thinking; 6) has been working, has made, is remained; 7) has finished, is writing, has been working; 8) plays, gives; 9) is, Have... been swimming; 10) have shown

Exercise 134

1. He has been our trainer since I began playing in this team. 2. Have they taken a decision on this question? — No, they haven't. They are still arguing. They have been discussing the question for two hours and haven't come to any decision. 3. The morning was sunny, but the weather has changed since 11 o'clock, and now it is raining. 4. What have you been doing since we parted? 5. Has Mary come yet? — Yes, she's been here for two days, she came on Friday. 6. The students have already been writing their test for two hours. Only two of them have already handed their papers in, 7, The thunderstorm has gone, but the sky is covered with dark clouds and a strong wind is blowing, 8. Have you read the book which I gave you? 9. You are looking bad. Have you been working much this week? — Yes, I have. I have been working at the translation for ten days but have done only half of it. 10. What is the man doing here? — He is waiting for the secretary. She has not come to the office yet.

Exercise 135

1) were walking, asked; 2) was having, rang, was; 3) was finishing, entered, was following; 4) dropped, washing up, broke; 5) was walking, was going on, were rushing, was; 6) was sitting, kept, turned round, began; 7) was standing, heard; 8) remembered, went; 9) were talking, ran; 10) was shining, were singing, decided; 11) rang, was dressing; 12) lit, nodded, was listening; 13) came, was doing; 14) were... not listening, was speaking; 15) was waiting, came

Exercise 136

Correct sentences: 1, 2, 6, 9, 14

3. When he phoned, she was having a bath. 4. While I was ironing, he was reading a newspaper. 5.1 was cooking supper when I heard this news. 7.1 could not answer your call. I was working in the garden then. 8. They wished to stay because they were enjoying themselves. 10. The train was approaching the city when it rained heavily. 11. The secretary was still typing when the boss came in and put some documents on the table. 12. When he came up to the square, he saw a lot of people: they were singing, dancing and shouting. They were celebrating New Year. 13. Just as I came into the room, the students were discussing the first report. 15. The children were playing while the mother was putting the room in order.

Exercise 137

1) was waiting, was having; 2) was writing; 3) invited; 4) have passed; 5} read; 6) saw; 7) was painting; 8) was making; 9) were learning; 10) has rained; 11) was having; 12) has washed; 13) were having; 14) haven't met; 15) went; 16) was reading; 17) was seeping; 18) have had; 19) were sitting, spoke; 20) was washing up, heard; 21) has made; 22) were shining; 23) contained; 24) was leaving, entered; 25) met, have known

Exercise 138

Ic, 2d, За, 4c_s 5b

Exercise 139

1.1 never saw the Great Lakes. When the train was passing the district, it was night. 2. While the director was speaking to the representatives of the foreign firms, the secretary was sorting out the morning mail. 3. Tom Sawyer could not play with his friends. He was painting the fence. 4. The sun was already setting- when I reached Edinburgh. 5. He was driving a car at a great speed. 6. They went out when it was still light, but black clouds were gathering at the horizon and a cold northern wind was blowing. 7. It was very difficult for her to share the room with Mrs. Green because the latter always complained/was complaining of cold and bad service. 8. She was going along the dark street and was looking back. Somebody was following her. 9. He looked out of the window. A lot of people were standing near the house. 10. When I came into the room, she was crying. 11. We were skiing, though it was snowing. 12. That day we had a lot of work to do because we were leaving in the evening. 13. We got acquainted when we were passing entrance I exams. 14. He was busy yesterday, he was fixing the TV set. 15. He came into the room, greeted everybody and sat at the window. 16. She was preparing for the exams. 17. When the clock struck eleven o'clock, he was still working. 18. The rain started when she went into the garden. 19. He used to read in a loud voice to his son in the evenings. They stopped quarreling because the guests were entering the hall.

Exercise 140

1) had gone, came; 2) had cooked, came; 3) reached, lost; 4) had closed, got; 5) had carried, achieved; 6) arrived, was staying, met; 7) had finished; 8) had not seen, had moved; 9) came, had come, was sitting; 10) had met

Exercise 141

la, 2a, За, 4b, 5b, 6a, 7b, 8a, 9a, lOb

Exercise 142

1) had seen; 2) had... come, arrived; 3) had finished, was sitting, had passed; 4) had died, were muttering; 5) had gone, had fallen asleep, knocked, asked; 6) came, had not be ready; 7) was not listening, missed, had said; 8) had finished, went, had stopped, was; 9) came, had closed; 10) had... left, broke down

Exercise 143

1) had been driving; 2) had been practicing; 3) had been quarreling; 4) had been considering; 5) had been working; 6) had been trying; 7) had been writing; 8) had been burning; 9) had been hoping; 10) had been raining

Exercise 144

1) arrived, had been living; 2) were reading, was eating; 3) phoned, was writing; 4) came, had been doing; 5) had closed, got; 6) was driving, heard; 7) had, went on; 8) had been walking, realized, had lost; 9) had... complained, had not heard, came; 10) finished, had been applauding

Exercise 145

1. We had seen the play before we discussed it. 2. We saw the play and then discussed it. 3.1 was in London last year. I had not been there before. 4. He did not like the letter, which he had been trying to write for two hours. The words seemed unconvincing to him. 5. When we came, he had already returned and was writing something in his study. 6. He had finished his work and was sitting on the terrace. The evening was warm and the sun had just set. 7. She had been working with us only for two months, but she proved she was an experienced lawyer. 8. It was snowing heavily and I could not make out the number of the tram. When I had covered several tram stops, I realized that I had been travelling in the wrong direction. 9, 1 had been phoning you since 4 o'clock but couldn't get you: your telephone line had been busy, 10. It had been raining for two weeks: the good weather at last set in three days ago.

Exercise 146

1) will live; 2) will start; 3) will replace; 4) will work; 5) will use; 6} will elect/have; 7) will take over; 8) will forbid; 9) will be; 10) will have/elect

Exercise 147

1) will; 2) will; 3) shall/will; 4) shall; 5) will; 6) shall/ will; 7) shall; 8) will; 9) will; 10) will; 11) shall; 12) shall/ will; 13) will

Exercise 148

1) am learning; 2) won't/shan't eat; 3) will help; 4) will/shall punish; 5) will rain; 6) will... air; 7) will/ shall fix; 8) will come; 9) will help; 10) are... doing;

11) will be, is servicing; 12) is not going, is going; 13) will not stay; 14) shall... give, will do; 15) will... help; 16) shall... send; 17) will be; 18) shall... meet, will... be; 19) will fly; 20) am going, will/shall go; 21) will... turn down

Exercise 149

1) will accompany, finish; 2) will be, plays; 3) is, will meet; 4) won't complete, gets; 5) will not start, arrives; 6) leaves, will miss; 7) will not be able, helps; 8) give; 9) returns, will have; 10) will phone, comes; 11) works, will finish; 12) loses; 13) comes, will not go; 14) will remind, forget; 15) gets frozen, will go skating; 16) turn, will see; 17) keeps, will be; 18) look, won't see; 19) happens, will return; 20) blows, will rain; 21) get, come; 22) goes, will graduate; 23) will not go, does; 24) will not catch, leaves; 25) will not wait, makes up his mind

Exercise 150

1) is; 2) will rain; 3) don't take; 4) will come back; 5) will join; 6) comes; 7) lend; 8) will follow; 9) will solve; 10) is; 11) comes; 12) will invite, are; 13) will find out; 14) will go; 15) comes; 16) is

Exercise 151

Ib, 2d, 3b, 4b« 5c, 6d, 7c, 8a, 9b, 10с

Exercise 152

1. They will see the film as soon as the children go to bed. 2. As soon as he comes, I'll tell him everything.?. I'll speak to him before your arrival, but I am not sure if he will follow my advice. 4. I'll be very grateful to you if you dictate this article to me. 5. It will be very silly of you if you don't use this opportunity. 6. The train arrives • in an hour. If you go by car, you'll meet her. 7. As soon as you see him, ask when he will leave and if he will come to see us before he goes. 8. Ask them if they will give me a vacuum cleaner if I need to clean a carpet. 9. Here is my address in case you decide to come to Moscow. 10. Shall I send the letter? — Yes, please. When you go home, drop it into the mailbox. 11.1 am sure you will like her as soon as you start working with her. 12. We'll discuss the question in detail before he comes. 13. If he doesn't get the bock on Sunday, he won't be able to prepare for the report. 14. I'll speak to him when he comes but I am not sure if he will come today. 15.1 don't know when I will get an answer from her, but as soon as I get it, I'll phone you.

Exercise 153

1. She will be having a music lesson at 5 o'clock. 2. He will be working in the garden tomorrow. 3= Ben will be lying on the beach at 11 o'clock. 4. Nick and Tom will be playing tennis at 10 o'clock. 5. We'll be standing in the queue to enter the canteen at dinnertime. 6, She will be going shopping during the break. 7. He will be speaking with his partner on the telephone. 8, Granny will be cooking supper tomorrow. 9. His little sister will be eating porridge tomorrow morning. 10. Tom will be watching a football match.

Exercise 154

1) will be doing; 2) will be having; 3) will be having; 4) will be having; 5) will see; 6) will be meeting; 7) will be working; 8) will phone; 9) (will) go; 10) will be playing; 11) will be working; 12) will be going; 13) will be crossing; 14) will.., be doing, will be watching; 15) will be sleeping

Exercise 155

1. He'll be back early in August when/after his holiday finishes. 2, He'll have a good time if/in case/ providing/provided the sea is warm. 3. I'll be quite free after/when I graduate from college. 4. He will come to my birthday party if/in case/providing/provided he does not forget. 5. The German students will be having their oral test while the English students are writing their examination paper. 6. He will not go for a walk if/in case/providing/provided he does not have breakfast. 7. You will be packing our things while I am making arrangements on the phone. 8. If/In case/Providing/ Provided we come at 2 o'clock, they will be preparing for the test, 9. If/In case/Providing/Provided you phone at 3, I'll be having a long-distance call and the line will be engaged. 10, After they see the sights they'll go home,

Exerciss 158

1. If the weather is good, you'll be crossing the English Channel at that time tomorrow. 2. Don't phone me from 3 to 5 o'clock, I'll be working. 3. The girls will be playing volleyball while the boys are playing football. 4. When you come to see him, he will be painting the ceiling. He is refurnishing his flat. 5.1 am afraid, I'll be busy at this time. We'll be meeting the Japanese delegation. 6. When we come homo, Mother will be still cooking dinner. 7. Oh, will I be lying to America tomorrow? 8. I am afraid, they'll be leaving when you come. 9. We'll be having dinner at three instead of two o'clock tomorrow. 10. Will your baby be still sleeping if I come at 3?

Exercise 157

1) will have typed; 2) will have tidied up; 3) will have painted; 4) will have cooked; 5) will have bought; 6) will have gone; 7) will have received; 8) will have packed; 9) will have seen; 10) will have learned

Exercise 158

1) will have had; 2) will have finished; 3) come, will do; 4) will have looked; 5) will have received; 6) get, will have stopped; 7) will have answered; 8) will begin, have read; 9) will not do, takes; 10) will have prepared; 11) reaches, will have returned; 12) will pass, has learned; 13) will not have discussed, come; 14) will not be able, obtain; 15) will have looked, comes; 16) will have left, come

Exercise 159

1.1 am afraid, they will have sold out everything by the time you come with the money. 2. Ring me up after you have read the book. 3. We will have done all the exercises by his arrival, and then we all will be going to the skating rink. 4. I'll write to him after I have seen his parents. 5. Our plant will have produced a new automobile by the end of the year. 6.1 wonder if he will have written the article by the first of September. If it has been ready by this time, we'll publish it. 7.1 will have gone to the theatre if you come so late. 8.1 am afraid, you will be late. They will have finished the talks by 5 o'clock. 9.1 am sorry, but you won't get him. He will have gone to the railway station by the time, 10, By Sunday they will have finished repairs and will have moved to the new flat.

Exercise 160

1) will have been rehearsing; 2) will have been working; 3) will have been writing; 4) will have been driving; 5) will have been studying

Exercise 161

Correct sentences: 4, 10

1. After graduating from the institute I came to St. Petersburg. I have been working here since then. 2.1 was just leaving the house when you phoned me. 3. By the time I came to the country cottage my friends had already left. 5. It has been raining since morning and I am afraid, it won't have stopped by Saturday. 6. He will be working at his new book during his holiday. 7. The woman who is speaking with my sister is my neighbor who lives opposite us. 8. They had been looking for the money since morning but they couldn't find it anywhere. 9. Yesterday when I came to see my friend he was having supper. He had just come home.

Exercise 162

Ic, 2d, 3b, 4b, 5a, 6d, 7b, 8c_s 9b, 10с

Exercise 163

1. lie was standing by the window and thinking about his future. 2.1 saw him long ago. I haven't seen him lately. I haven't seen him for a long time. 3. It had happened before we came there. 4. They had done their best before the doctor came. 5.1 hope everything will be clear for you when you get the letter. 6. By 9 o'clock he had finished work. He went out. The wind had fallen but it was rather cool. He was walking slowly trying to think about nothing. 7.1 haven't seen you for ages! How are you getting on, what's new? 8. You are wrong. You are passing me the salt, but not the mustard. 9. We stopped because a man was approaching us. 10. I've come here to

say good-bye to you. Tomorrow at that time I will be sailing to Easter Island. 11. Where have you put the key? I can't find it anywhere. 12. He did not see me as he was writing something. 13. At last I've done my homework and I am free. 14. Somebody is standing by our door. I think he is overhearing us. 15. If she hasn't heard from her brother this week, she will send a telegram. 16. By the time we reached home, it had stopped snowing, and the moon was shining brightly in the dark sky. We were tired because we had been walking for three hours.

17. Have you ever heard how well she speaks English? They say she has been learning it for three years.

18. What will you be doing at 3 tomorrow? If you are free, we'll come to see you.

Unit 12

The Passive Voice

Exercise 164

Id, 2n, 3i, 4o, 5h, 6m, 71, 8k, 9j, 1Gb, lie, 12a, 13g, 14f, 15c

Exercise 165

A 1. My watch was broken. 2. The rule was explained to the students. The students were explained the rule. 3.1 am often asked to help them. 4. Written exercises are done in class. 5. A new discovery will be made soon. 6. A report will be made at the conference. 7. Tennis is played all year round. 8. His betrayal was never forgiven by his friends. 9.1 am offered several jobs. Several jobs are offered to me. 10. Much will be promised, but don't imagine you will be given everything (everything will be given to you). 11. Parcels with fruit from his parents' garden were regularly sent to him. He was regularly sent parcels with fruit from his parents' garden. 12. A leave in July will be given to me if there is no urgent work. I'll ¹1* 323

be given a leave in July if there is no urgent work. 13. Three ships were offered Columbus by the Spanish government. Columbus was offered three ships by the Spanish government. 14. Their children are usually sent to camp for summer. 15. A very important mission was charged him with. He was charged with a very important mission. 16. I'm sure the matter will be settled easily. 17. The driver was fined for exceeding the speed limit. 18. She is called by somebody every day. 19. The passengers leaving for London are requested to register. 20. Contracts will be signed by the manager tomorrow.

В 1. The police was sent for. 2. This book is much spoken about. 3. He is often laughed at. 4. Our conversation was listened to very attentively. 5.1 think we will be waited for only in a week. 6. His late arrival was not taken notice of. 7. All the advertisements were looked through very attentively. 8. He was a brilliant speaker, and whenever he spoke, he was listened to with great attention. 9. He will be looked after in hospital much better. 10, Her new dress was looked at with interest. 11. A taxi was sent for. 12. The successful performance of the young actress will be talked much about. 13. He is always made fun of. 14. Gross mistakes in the translation were pointed out. 15. Very interesting plans were referred to. 16. Monday was agreed upon as the most suitable day. 17. This question was not touched upon unfortunately. 18. He was spoken to about his promotion yesterday.

С 1. Don't come in! Students are being examined. 2. Can I read the article? — No, it is being typed. 3. We had to hurry. We were being waited for. 4. It was noisy. He was not being listened to. 5. Does he realize that he is being laughed at? 6. Look at this man. I think we are being followed by him. 7. Listen carefully! A very interesting talk is being given. 8. We are being served rather fast. 9. Morning mail was being looked through. 10. Their conversation is being translated rather well. 11. The brief ing is in full swing. The participants of the conference are being interviewed. 12. A new project was being developed by the company. 13. You can't watch the film now. The TV set is being fixed.

D 1. Our house has been repaired lately. 2. When the fire brigade came, the building had been destroyed by the fire. 3. Much better results have been shown by the athlete since he is trained by this coach. 4. All the business letters will have been answered by noon. 5. The document has been signed by the president of the board. 6. Is she washing the floor? — No, it has already been washed. 7. By his arrival his car had been repaired. 8. The tickets have been booked and will have been brought by 2 o'clock. 9. They house had been painted by his arrival. 10. The reason for the accident hasn't been found yet. 11. Has anything been touched here? 12, A lot of students have been interviewed by the sociologist, 13. Have all the machines been tested? 14. Considerable damage has been caused by the flood. 15. The papers will have been received by tomorrow,

E 1. The job can be found by her easily. 2. The matter is urgent. She should be phoned immediately. 3. The boss wants Mr, Black. He must be found. 4. An interesting offer can be made to you. 5. He's got a pay rise and now a new house can be bought. 6. The document must be sent as quickly as possible. 7. The weather is warm. The flowers may be planted. 8, The document is of great importance. It must be shown to us» 9. The book must be given back on Sunday. 10. Their kitchen is large and it can be used as a dining room. 11. Ecologies say that our planet should be taken care of, 12. The doctor must be sent for immediately. 13. The lecture is over. Questions may be asked. 14. The centre of town should be avoided during rush hours. 15. They agreed that the club membership fee should be raised.

Exercise 166

lc, 2a, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c, 7b, 8c, 9a, lOb, lib, 12c, 13a, 14b, 15b

Exercise 167

1) was not discussed, had been withdrawn; 2) has been sent; 3) is being fixed; 4) is being constructed, will be built; 5) will be taken, have been spoken; 6) were told, were being waited; 7) can be solved; 8) must be done; 9) was admitted; 10) are being listened to; 11) has ... been approved, is being discussed, has... been discussed; 12) will have been settled; 13) have been bought, has been postponed; 14) was lent, has not been given; 15) was being looked through, were being typed, were being answered, were being held; 16) is being laid; 17) was invented; 18) may be written; 19) had... been done; 20) are asked

Exercise 168

Correct sentences: 2, 6

1. Don't bring the article today. It will be typed only tomorrow. 3. The book that was written last month is being discussed a lot. It has been written a lot of articles about. 4. When I came, an experiment was being held in the lab. 5. Do you know that this house belonged to Mr. Brown? 7. The building collapsed during the earthquake. 8. Have you seen him? Has he changed Much? 9. Do you know that ycu are being followed? 10.1 hope this journal can be found at the library.

Exercise 169

1» Unfortunately, such questions were not touched upon at the conference. 2. Who told you that the agreement had already been signed? 3. English is spoken here. 4. She was allowed to go in for sports. 5. Visitors are received every day. 6. Betsy 1ь not permitted to come here. 7. He was badly looked after in hospital. 8. Has he been sent for yet? — Yes, he was called and told to come at 8 o'clock. 9. A new cinema is being built in our street. 10. Don't say it, otherwise you'll be laughed at. 11. I haven't been told about it yet. 12. Shall we go to the country if it rains tomorrow? — Yes, we must go there, we'll be waited for. 13. This building had just been built when we csme here. 14. The work had been finished by evening. 15. When we returned, we were told a lot of interesting news.

Unit 13 Sequence of Tenses

Exercise 170

1.1 told her that I had something to tell her. 2. He said that he had met her for the first time on a warm sunny morning the spring before. 3. She told her mother that she was going to call again next day. 4. Robert said he had been to Turkey twice, but so far he hadn't had time to visit Istanbul. 5.1 replied to the doctor that it would be very difficult to persuade her to take care of herself, 6. The BBC announcer said that the president was to come to Madrid the day after tomorrow. 7. They said they had a lift but very often it didn't work. 8. My cousin said they had bought a new flat. But they didn't like it so much as their last one. 9. She said she had left a message for him, but he hadn't phoned yet. 10. Peggy said she had no idea who had done it but sue would find out. 11. He said his mother had just been operated on. 12. She replied to me she would come with me as soon as she was ready. 13. The small boy said he had a French lesson that evening and he hadn't done his homework yet. 14.1 told the officer she had been sitting in. the garden since the police came. 15. He pointed out to me that I hadn't closed the window and had forgotten to turn off the light,

Exercise 171

1. He asked me if my children were still skiing, 2. She wondered whether they had had breakfast yet. 3.1 wondered if Mike was still taking an exam. 4. He asked whether she had taken part in the performance. 5. She wondered if they had already left by the time I had gone to the station. 6. He wanted to know if they regularly went to the swimming pool. 7, 1 asked whether she would buy a new Hoover. 8.1 wondered if she would be training at 10 next day. 9. She asked whether he usually went to the Caribbeans for his holiday. 10.1 wondered if she had learned to play the guitar. 11. They wanted to know if the decision had already been taken, 12. He asked if I knew when the results would be out. 13. She wondered if he knew my new address. 14. They asked whether we had known each other for a long time. 15. She asked if he had begun smoking a pipe.

Exercise 172

1.1 asked why he had decided to go to Ethiopia. 2. He wondered when she had been sent on business. 3.1 wanted to know who would fulfill this task. 4. They asked how long she had been staying here. 5.1 asked who he had been speaking to when I had come up to him. 6. He wondered who would play the role of Hamlet, 7. She asked what was shown in that diagram. 8.1 wanted to know what he was going to do on Sunday. 9. We wondered how long they had been developing this project. 10.1 asked who this book had been written by.

Exercise 173

1. Ann asked how long I had been there. 2, Peter asked if I was working as well as studying. 3. Bill wanted to know whether I had a work permit. 4. Ann asked what I was going to study. 5. Peter wondered if I had enrolled for more than one class. 6. Bill asked whether I wanted

to buy any second-hand books. 7. Ann asked if I had seen. the library. 8. Peter wondered if I played rugby. 9, He asked again if I would have time to play regularly. 10. Bill wanted to know whether I had played for my school team.

11. Ann asked if I was interested in acting. 12. She asked again if I would like to join their drama group. 13. Pete asked what I thought of their canteen.

Exercise 174

1. The raiders ordered the bank clerk to open the safe.

2. He begged me to do as he said. 3. Mr. Pitt told Peter to help his mother. 4. He told the children not to make too much noise. 5. She told us to do whatever we liked. 6. She warned them not to miss their train. 7. The lawyer told his client to read the document before he signed it. 8. He said to fill in the blank again. 9.1 advised him to buy a new car. 10. She begged him not to drive too fast. 11. The shopkeeper told me not to put my bicycle near his window.

12. He asked her to come to the cinema with him. 13.1 advised her to cook it in butter. 14. The manager told the porter to send for the fire brigade. 15. The shop assistant told her to pay at the desk. 16. The teacher told the boy not to argue with him. 17. He told her to pull as hard as she could. 18. He advised us not to lend anything to her.

19. A voice warned the people to stand clear off the door.

20. She warned him to put down that gun. It was loaded.

Exercise 175

1. He said that if what I had said was true he must/ had to go to the police. 2. My employer said that I didn't need to come in next day and I might take a day off.

3. She told us she would be busy the following week and wouldn't be able to help us. She added that article must be typed and she could not type, so she would have to ask somebody to do it. 4. The official said that this passport photo wasn't like me at all and I must have another one

taken. 5.1 said I didn't need/didn't have to get up till nine the next day. 6. She told me she must go to the dentist the next day because she had an appointment. 7. He said he would go to bed. He had had to get up very early that day. 8. He said he hadn't been able to meet her because he had been working. 9. The teacher said that Ann's English was very poor and she must study very hard. 10. She said that something had been wrong with the receiver, he had not been able to hear me well the day before.

Exercise 176

1.1 knew she had not read the letter yet. 2. She thought that pineapples grew on the trees. 3. He told us he had paid his debts more than a month before. 4. She said she had been writing the composition for more than three hours. 5. She did not know if the operation had been a success, 6. Tom phoned the police and said that all his things had been stolen, 7. The captain ordered everybody to get aboard. 8. They did not know if the results of their research would be published. 9.1 thought he was working and had not come into the room. 10. He asked her not to worry. 11.1 don't know when he will come to Moscow. 12. They wondered if I had ever been abroad. 13. He told us they must not speak about it now. 14. Our guide told us that the castle had been built in the 14^th century. 15.1 hope a new bridge will be built next year.

Exercise 177

1. Mother said she would put a book into my briefcase in case I wanted to read. 2. He said that if she followed his advice, all would turn out well. 3. Pete thought that Annette would have come to Paris in an hour if there were no delays. 4. The manager said these letters must be sent immediately as soon as they were translated. 5. He told his dog he would take it out for a walk after he had seen the film. 6. He whispered he was sure she would sing to them provided they asked her. 7. The trainer said that if she trained hard she would win the Cup. 8. The doctor told the mother that if she stayed in bed for a couple of days, she would be all right in a week. 9. He told me they would be able to see the football match if the train came on time. 10. She said that she wouldn't come if she was not invited.

Exercise 178

1.1 knew that they would certainly ring us up when they returned. 2. He told me that they would not go there till they found out the address. 3. She said that she had met a friend with whom they had studied at school. 4. She told me that she would hardly recognize the district because it had changed very much. 5. He asked what I would be doing when I retired. 6. He said that the documents would be sent to us as soon as they were received. 7. The nurse said that we would be able to speak to the doctor after he had examined the patient. 8. He asked me if there was any hope that I would change. 9. The correspondents were informed that the problem of prices was still being discussed and as soon as it was solved the contract would be signed. 10. He said that five years had passed since they got married. 11. He reminded me that when we had been students we had always helped each other. 12. The professor told me not to come till I learned all the material.

Unit 14 The Infinitive

Exercise 179

Ig, 21, 3j, 4i, 5k, 6h, 7a, 8e, 9f, lOb, lid, 12c

Exercise 180

1) to be invited; 2) to be interrupted; 3) to see; 4) to be met; 5) to be told, listen; 6) to interrupt; 7) to be sent; 8) to ask; 9) to be asked; 10) to be joked at; 11) to laugh; 12) be seen, see

Exercise 181

A 1, A mink coat is expensive to buy. 2. A good dinner in our canteen is impossible to get. 3. The engine was difficult to start in such cold weather» 4. This ladder is dangerous to stand on, 5. Stubborn people are rather difficult to deal with, 6, A car is dangerous to drive in big cities. 7. New people are interesting to meet, 8. People are simple to communicate with due to Internet. 9. Their quarrel was unpleasant to watch. 10. He is always funny to listen to.

В 1. He is the only one among us to give up smoking. 2.1 was the next to speak on the topic. 3. He was the first to raise this question. 4, She was the second to get an excellent mark. 5. Paul was the last to greet me. 6. She is the first to be fired. 7. He was the only one to jump with a parachute. 8.1 am the next to be interviewed. 9. He was the only one to speak Japanese. 10.1 was the first to notice the mistake. 11. His horse was the last to come in the race. 12. She was the first among us to recognize them,

С 1. Here is a simple English book for you to read. 2. The first thing for them to do when they arrive is to phone home. 3. This is a problem for you to solve by yourself. 4. There is nothing for us to add. 5. These are children for you to play with. 6. It is not a question for you to laugh at. 7. There is nothing for us to do now. 8. These are nice flowers for you to buy. 9. It was a little town for them to live a quiet life, 10. It is quite natural fcr them to get married.

Exercise 182

1. It was silly of him to buy a car. 2. It was mean of her to betray all her friends. 3, It was kind of them to help me with the work. 4. It was unfair of the manager to cut down his salary. 5. It was sensible of him to sell his house. 6. It was careless or you to trust her.

Exercise 183

1.1 need advice. I have been offered a new job but I really don't know whether to accept it or not. 2. Do you know what to do/where to phone if the robbers burst into the bank? 3. Can you tell me where to phone/what to do if there is a fire? 4.1 don't know how to switch on the computer. Will this button do? 5. The countries are very interesting and I haven't chosen yet where to go. 6. The TV set is good but I haven't decided yet whether to buy it or not. 7. Why have you stopped? Have you forgotten where to go? 8. Have you understood how to use this device? 9. The problem is serious. I don't know how to act in this situation. 10.1 wonder whether to take a suitcase. The trip will take only two days.

Exercise 184

1) listen, see, to watch, take, go; 2) sit; 3) to fly, (to) go; 4) not go; 5) take; 6) to put on; 7) not wear; 8) walk, go; 9) buy; 10) to go

Exercise 185

1. I'd rather stay at home than go out. 2. He prefers to solve a problem immediately rather than postpone it. 3. I'd prefer to buy it tonight rather than go shopping early in the morning. 4„ They'd prefer to go to the restaurant rather than cook dinner at home. 5. I'd rather die than betray my friends. 6. She prefers to go to the country rather than stay in town. 7. I'd rather go to the movies than watch the VCR. 8. We'd prefer to read a book rather than see a screened version. 9. She prefers to drink a cup of juice rather than have a substantial breakfast. 10. I'd rather go to the museum than stay at home,

Exercise 186

1. I'd rather he went on holiday in March. 2. Would you rather I cooked the supper? 3. I'd rather they went with us. 4. Would you rather he played the leading part?

5. I'd rather she bought a new TV instead of a freezer.

6. Would you rather I did not know anything? 7. I'd rather you asked me a straight question. 8. Would you rather he made a new attempt? 9. I'd rather she entered the university. 10. Would you rather she did.not interfere?

Exercise 187

1. It's high time for us to say goodbye to everybody. 2. It's time for the child to go to bed. 3. It's time for her to put up with his behavior. 4. It's high time for them to develop a new model. 5. It's about time for us to leave the house. 6. It's high time for him to speak English fluently.

7. It's time for her to choose a profession. 8. It's high time for us to buy a new TV set. 9. It's high time for him to ring me up. 10. It's time for him to temper justice with mercy.

Exercise 188

1, It is time she made a decision. 2. It is high time her cousin found a job. 3. It is high time we put up with it. 4. It is time you got married. 5. It is high time I handed in the composition. 6. It is about time the chairman made a break. 7. It is high time Granny had a nap. 8. It is high time Pete took his mother from the hospital. 9. It is high time the government changed their policy. 10. It's high time the local authorities pulled down this house.

Exercise 189

Correct sentences: 3, 6

1. I'd prefer to speak to you in private rather than phone you. 2. There is a reporter to interview you. 4. You had better help her carry these suitcases. 5. It was very generous of them to give us such a present. 7.1 would rather go without him. 8. She is/was the first to finish the hometask. 9.1 don't like to listen to him. 10.1 am not sure where to go now. 11. Such books are interesting to read. 12.1 am the next to be fired.

Exercise 190

1. She was too small to remember the incident. 2. He is the person to speak to on this question. 3. It is important for him to receive the information today. 4. Here is the money to spend on the furniture. 5. They are very pleased to be invited to the conference. 6. You will be the first to speak. 7. This mistake must be paid particular attention to. 8. You'd better stay at home. 9. It's great of him to do his best to save them. 10. He did not know what to do next and who to make the request to. 11. He was the last to guess her intentions. 12. I'd rather go there by train than fly (by plane). I'd prefer to go there by train rather than fly (by plane). 13. It's quite dark already, it's high time to turn on the light. 14. It's time he saw a doctor. It's time for him to see a doctor. 15.1 prefer to have a holiday somewhere by the sea rather than stay in the country.

The Complex Object

Exercise 191

1. Do you want them to stay at the hotel or with us? 2. I'd like the professor to look through my report. 3. Do you want me to show you the sights of the city? 4, We expect him to arrange everything by the time we come. 5.1 want her to tell me the news in brief. 6. He expected the meeting to be held in the Red Room. 7.1 would like them to fix an appointment for me for Tuesday. 8. We want her to introduce us to the president. 9, 1 don't want them to be late for dinner. 10. He expected her to be invited to the party by the Smiths. 11. I'd like the dress to be bought by Saturday. 12.1 don't want her to be treated like Alice. 13. We considered him to be an honest person. 14.1 don't like her to prevent me from doing it. 15.1 suspect him to be helped by her.

Exercise 192

1. They did not notice us pass by. 2. He heard her playing the piano. 3. He saw her burst into tears. 4.1 felt her hand shaking. 5. He hasn't heard us call his name. 6. They haven't seen the accident occur at the corner. 7.1 heard them arguing. 8. She heard the footsteps dying away. 9. She felt something crawling around her neck. 10. We many times heard him tell this story. 11. She noticed the expression of his face change suddenly. 12.1 heard somebody mention my name. 13.1 felt something hard hurt my leg.

Exercise 193

1.1 did not expect her to forget about my birthday. 2. She saw the children playing in the park. 3. Do you know him to go abroad two days ago? 4.1 like to watch her dance. 5. She could hardly believe him to be rescued. 6. He expects everybody to be ready to do this work. 7.1 don't like the children to be late for dinner. 8. Don't consider him to be a hero. He is an ordinary man. 9. I've heard him arguing with his father. 10.1 suspect him to take my money. 11. She likes to watch the sun set. 12.1 hate people to shout at each other. 13. They suppose him to cope with this work. 14. I've heard her crying. 15. We expect him to solve this problem soon.

Exercise 194

1. Where is Nick? — I saw him talking to Kate a few minutes ago. 2. Parents always want their children to be the best. 3.1 wouldn't like such valuable presents to be given to me. 4.1 noticed him write something and pass it to Alice. 5. We suppose them to apologize to us. 6. She watched the stars sparkling in the dark sky. 7.1 did not expect him to behave in such a way. 8. We don't want our planet to be polluted. 9.1 heard him working in his study at night. 10. They expected him to buy a more expensive car.

Exercise 195

Ib, 2a, 3b, 4c, 5b, 6a, 7a, 8b, 9a, lOb

Exercise 196 '

1.1 did not expect the policeman to be such an impolite person. 2. We'd like you to deliver goods by the end of June. 3.1 expected her to be invited there. 4. They did not expect him to be asked about it. 5.1 heard his name be mentioned several times at the meeting. 6. He did not notice us come up to him. 7. Have you seen them laughing at something? 8. We did not expect it to be announced on the radio. 9. I'd like her to tell us what she is going to do tonight. 10.1 think you'll hear today her singing. 11,. When he heard his son crying he got up and went to the nursery. 12. I'd like nobody to take my things.

The Complex Subject

Exercise 197

1. He is considered to be a good musician. 2. They are thought to have gone away some days ago. 3. James is expected to make a report next Wednesday. 4. Steve is known to have helped them to solve a problem when they were in trouble. 5. Mozart is known to have composed a lot of wonderful pieces of music. 6. The film is considered to be the worst of the year. 7. She is supposed to be working in the laboratory from 2 to 6 p. m. tomorrow. 8. They are known to have made a new discovery a month ago. 9. He is expected to manage the business himself. 10. He is said to be at the customs office now. 11. The delegation is reported to be leaving Prague tonight at lla.m. 12. They are known to have lived in Egypt for a long time. 13. He is believed to be working at an urgent problem now.

Exercise 198

1. They are likely to have a good time in the bar tonight. 2. He is sure to win this match. 3. The plane is unlikely to reach the place of destination on time. 4. You are likely to miss the train unless you hurry. 5. She is unlikely to go by plane. 6. He is unlikely to be invited to the conference. 7. They are sure to get married soon.

8. They are unlikely to follow my recommendations.

9. They are likely to go on a world tour. 10. This picture is sure to be the best at the exhibition.

Exercise 199

A 1. No, she doesn't seem to be happy. 2. No, she appears to have lost it. 3. No, he seems to be waiting for us. 4. Yes, but she seems to have put on weight. 5. He appears to know her well. 6.1 seem to know this type very well. 7. No, he seems to have changed his job. 8. No, she seems to have returned two months ago and now to be working at her new book. 9. Look, this man seems to be overhearing us. 10. The president appears to have left his country residence and to be returning to the capital.

В 1. I'll visit Trafalgar Square if I happen to be in London. 2. If anybody happens to know him, call the police. 3. If you happen to see Kate, ask her to phone me. 4. Do you happen to know how to get to the Tower? 5. He'll arrange everything if he happens to go on a tour. 6. Does he happen to know with whom Mary has gone to the Canaries? 7. Have you happened to see them leave? 8. Can you happen to change a pound? 9. Has she happened to see where they parked their car? 10. If I happen to meet them, I'll phone the police.

С 1. The interview with the young artist turned out to be rather interesting. 2. The prices at the hotel proved to be reasonable. 3. The conversation with them turned out to be rather unpleasant. 4. The young man turned out to be a smuggler. 5. He proved to be a qualified economist. 6. The student's knowledge of mathematics turned out to be above the average. 7. Yesterday's party turned out to be entertaining. 8. The weather in this part of the country proved to be rainy. 9. The workshop proved to be rather useful for economists, but for managers it turned out to be rather dull. 10.1 bought a book which turned out to be a best-seller. 11. This unpleasant man who found faults with me during the interview turned out to be my manager.

Exercise 200

Ib, 2d, За, 4с, 5b, 6d

Exercise 201

• 1. Steven is sure to win the game. 2, Peter is known to have left for Oslo. 3. The president is supposed to speak at the conference. 4. This play is considered to be the most interesting at the theatre. 5. She seems to be cooking an apple pie. It tastes delicious. 6. Bob is likely to help us. — He is sure to help us. 7. They were believed to have left yesterday. 8. The talks are likely to finish tomorrow. 9. The work is supposed to have been done successfully. 10. This fact is unlikely to be of great importance. 11. This is likely to happen if the wind does not change. 12. The delegates to the conference are said to have come. 13. The committee is known to have been set up several years ago. 14. He is likely to be writing a new book. 15. They are thought to be able to solve the question at once. 16. Jack London is known to have written a lot of good books.

Unit 15

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