Vocabulary. Read and memorize the following words and phrases.

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Vocabulary. Read and memorize the following words and phrases.

Giving Directions Around The City. Ориентация в городе.

street - улица

avenue - проспект

square - площадь

center - центр

to be located - находиться (где? )

Where is... located? – Где находится...?

Tell me, please, where... is located? - Скажите, пожалуйста, где находится...?

It is located on Lesnaya street, on Kutuzovsky prospect. .. - это находится на Лесной улице, на Кутузовском проспекте

there - там

here - тут

near, near by, next to - рядом

close to - близко

far / not far далеко - недалеко

on the left / on the right - слева / справа

to the left / to the right налево / направо

straight - прямо

ahead - вперёд

opposite - напротив

bus - автобус

tram - трамвай

trolleybus - троллейбус

metro, subway, underground - метро

taxi - такси

car - машина

bus, tram, trolleybus stop - остановка автобуса, трамвая, троллейбуса

metro station - станция метро

to go - идти, ехать

to walk, go on foot - идти пешком

to go by bus by tram by trolleybus by metro by taxi by car - ехать на автобусе на трамвае на троллейбусе на метро на такси на машине

Where are you going? Куда вы идёте? Куда вы едете?

take / get on a bus, tram, trolleybus – садиться на автобус, трамвай, троллейбус

get off a bus, tram, trolleybus – сходить с автобуса, трамвая, троллейбуса

a transfer, a change - пересадка

to make a transfer, a change - делать / сделать пересадку

fare – плата за проезд

crossing - переход

entrance - вход

exit - выход

to exit, to get out - выходить / выйти

Are you getting out? Вы сейчас выходите?

Excuse me, how can I get to...? Извините, как добраться до...?

Could you tell me, please, how to get to...? Скажите, пожалуйста, как добраться до...?

Can you tell me the way to …? Не могли бы вы подсказать мне дорогу до …?

Sorry, I do not know. - Извините, я не знаю.

You need to go... - нужно идти..., нужно ехать...

You’d better go by … - вам лучше поехать на…

How many stops (stations) are there to …? Сколько остановок (станций) до …?

railway station - ж\д вокзал

airport - аэропорт

hotel - гостиница

Is there a … near here? Здесь есть поблизости …?

How do I get there? Как туда добраться?

How do I get to this address? Как добраться по этому адресу?

Is it (very) far? Это (очень) далеко?

Can I go on foot? Я смогу дойти пешком?

How long does it take walking? Сколько времени туда идти пешком?

How long will it take by car? Сколько времени туда добираться на машине?

How far away is the station? Как далеко отсюда вокзал?

Where is the nearest shopping center? Где ближайший торговый центр?

Excuse me, I’m lost. Извините, я заблудился (заблудилась).

What is the address? Какой адрес?

Can you write it down? Вы не могли бы это написать?

Yes, there’s a … on the corner. Да, на углу есть …

At the traffic lights, take the first left and go straight on. Первый поворот налево после светофора и прямо.

It’s on the left. Это будет по левой стороне.

Go straight. Идите прямо.

Turn right. Поверните направо.

Go up to the end of the street and turn left. Идите до конца улицы и поверните налево.

Read the dialogues.

How Can I Get To …?

- Excuse me, can you tell me where Bogdanovich Street is, please?

- Take the second turn on the left, and then ask again. -

- Is it far?

- No, it's only about 5 minutes walk.

- Thanks a lot.

- Not at all.

- Does this bus go to the station?

- No, you'll have to get off at the Department store and take a 47.

- Can you tell me where to get off?

- It's the next stop but one.

- Thank you.

- Excuse me, I'm afraid I'm lost. Can you help me?

- Where do you want to go?

- I am to be in Independence Square at 3 o'clock. I'm short of time.

- Oh, yes. The quickest way to get there is by metro.

- Is there a metro station here?

- Yes, go straight as far as the park and there you'll see the metro station. - Thanks a lot.

- Excuse me, please, can you tell me the way to the Central Post Office?

- I'm sorry, I can't. I'm a stranger here too. You'd better ask that policeman over there.

- Thanks just the same.

- Excuse me, how can I get to the University?

- You'd better go by metro there.

- And where is the metro station?

- Go down the street two blocks straight ahead and you'll see the station. - Thank you very much.

- Not at all.

- Excuse me, am I on the right way to Sovetskaya Square?

- Yes, go straight as far as the supermarket and then turn left.

- Is it far from here?

- Not very far but you can take a trolley-bus and it will take you just there.

- Thank, you.

- Excuse me, where is the British museum, please?

- Over there, on the left.

- Oh, I see, thank you very much. Good - bye.

- Good - bye. Have a nice day.

- Thank you.

- I beg your pardon, is this the right way to Hyde Park Corner?

- To Hyde Park Comer? Let me see... No, you must turn right at the first traffic lights. Then keep straight on till you come to Oxford Street. Oxford Street leads to Hyde Park Corner.

- Is it very far?

- About 15 minutes. But you can take a bus, too. There's a bus stop over there. Hyde Park Corner is the second or third stop from here.

- Well, I think I can walk. Thank you very much.

- That's all right.

- Excuse me.

- Yes.

- I'm lost. Is this way to Brighton?

- No, I'm afraid it isn't. You are going the wrong way. This is the Portsmouth Road.

- Oh, can you tell me the way to Brighton?

- Yes, turn round and go back to the roundabout. Take the exit A272. You'll see signposts to Brighton from there.

3. Listen to the audio about asking for and giving directions on http: //www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/1212_how_to_instruct/page2.shtml. Pay attention to the useful language and do the listening and reading activities.

4. Directions through town: complete the tasks on http: //www.esl-lab.com/eslbasic/travel-sightseeing-3.htm

Vocabulary. Read and memorize the following words and phrases.

At The Railway Station. На ж/д вокзале.

ticket - билет

one way ticket – билет в один конец

return / roundtrip ticket – билет в оба конца (туда и обратно)

to book a ticket – бронировать билет

booking office – касса

to arrive in / at – прибывать

to depart / leave – отправляться

How can I get to this place from here? Как мне добраться отсюдатуда?

Which line goes to Chicago? Какие поезда идут в Чикаго?

How much for a ticket to Paris? Сколько стоит билет до Парижа?

What is the fare to Rome? Сколько стоит билет до Рима?

I would like a ticket to London. Мне нужен билет до Лондона.

I would like two tourist class tickets. Два билета туристического класса.

I’d like to reserve a seat on this train. Я хотел бы забронировать место на этом поезде.

Do I have to change trains? Мне нужно делать пересадку?

Where should I change trains? Где мне делать пересадку?

Which platform does the train leave? С какой платформы отправляется поезд?

I missed the train. When is the next train? Я опоздал на поезд. Когда идет следующий?

Where is the next stop? Где следующая остановка?

Which stop should I get off at? На какой остановке мне выходить?

How late does the subway run? До какого времени работает метро?

At The Bus Station. На автостанции.

I would like a round-trip ticket, please. Билет туда и обратно, пожалуйста.

Does this bus go to that place? Этот автобус идет туда?

What time does the next bus for airport leave? Когда идет следующий автобус в аэропорт?

What’s the round-trip fare? Сколько стоит билет туда и обратно?

How much is the fare to this place? Сколько стоит билет туда?

I want to cancel this ticket. Я хочу сдать билет.

Would you call a taxi for me, please? Вызовите для меня такси.

Where can we get a taxi? Где мы можем взять такси?

Take me to this address, please. Отвезите меня по этому адресу, пожалуйста.

Read the dialogue.

At The Railway Station. Booking Tickets in Advance.

George: It is often difficult or impossible to get tickets on the day of the train`s departure. That`s why I would like to book my ticket in advance. I would like a first-class ticket for a day train to Glasgow for next Sunday, please.

Booking-clerk: There is a slow train to Glasgow at 04.45 a.m. This train arrives in Glasgow at 21.05. And there is a fast train to Glasgow at 07.10 a.m. This express arrives in Glasgow at 16.10.

George: I won`t take the 04.45 train. I can`t get up so early in the morning on Sunday. And on Monday I have to work. I`m going to Glasgow on business.

Booking-clerk: Then take the fast train at. 07.10 a.m.

George: Could you give me a lower berth, please.

Booking-clerk: Let me see. Unfortunately I can give you only an upper berth on this train.

George: I take an upper berth because I must arrive in Glasgow on Sunday. How much is it?

Complete the sentences.

I live on ____________________.

Red Square is located ____________________.

The metro ____________________.

The bus stop ____________________.

The American Embassy ____________________.

You need to go ____________________.

Tell me please, how do you get ____________________?

Do you know where ____________________?

Do you know how to get ____________________?

Make up dialogues similar to those in task 2 (A, B).

Test

Fill in the answers.

1) – How long does it take you to get to work? _________________________

2) – Excuse me, do you know where the metro is? _________________________

3) – How can I get to Red Square? _________________________

4) – Are you getting out now? _________________________

5) – Is it far? _________________________

6) – How do you get to the hotel “Cosmos”? _________________________

7) – Can you get to Mokhovaya street only by bus? _________________________

8) – How do you get to the movie theater “Oktyabr”? _________________________

9) – Where is your institute located? _________________________

10) – Do you get home by car? _________________________

Fill in the questions.

1) ____________________ – Go straight ahead, then to the left.

2) ____________________ – No, it’s not far.

3) ____________________ – I live on Chasovaya street.

4) ____________________ – You need to go 3 stops by tram.

5) ____________________ – No, I’m not getting out.

6) ____________________ – You need to go by metro to the station “Mayakovskaya”.

7) ____________________ – About 5-10 minutes.

8) ____________________ – I’m sorry, I don’t know.

9) ____________________ – The hotel “Marriott” is located on Tverskaya street.

10) __________________ – Yes, it’s better to go by metro, but you can also go by trolleybus.

3. Listen to the audio and complete the task on http: //www.elllo.org/games/games/12-LG-Directions.htm.

II. Travelling Abroad

Read the article.

Many factors may determine your travel plans: the purpose of your trip, the amount of time you have, the amount of money you intend to spend, the places you want to see and many others.

People may go on international trip on invitation from their relatives or friends, on business, or exchange programs, to work or as a tourist.

To prevent problems while traveling you should know all the information about passports, visas, customs, immunizations and other travel basics.

When traveling you should remember that some countries demand medical insurance during your stay which will cover you in case any incident occurs.

Visa allows you to stay in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Visa is given basing of the reason of your trip. Therefore, it may be a tourist visa, working visa, multi entrance visa and many others. Every type of visa consists of many subtypes, which are differentiated by the rights you have and the length of your staying in a country. Some types of visas may be extended, others cannot. As soon as your visa expires, you have to leave a country; otherwise your presence in a country will be illegal.

Arriving in a foreign country you have to go through the customs office and passport control. Be ready to fill in a declaration if you have something liable to duty. If not, you pass through a special passage with the sign " Nothing to Declare". Things that are liable to duty are cigarettes, liquor and jewelry.

The plane is the most popular and comfortable means of transport to go abroad. The cost of tickets depends on the time of the flight, class and season. Business class is more comfortable and expensive than economy class.

2. Read the article “How this Indian Couple Navigated a Complex Visa System to Travel the World” by Nomadic Matt | Published March 18th, 2014 on http: //news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/travel/top-stories/365561351

and find out the answers to the following questions:

1) What inspired this big trip?

2) As Indians, do they find getting visas hard? What are some of the difficulties they face?

3) Do visa requirements keep them from visiting certain countries?

4) How do they go about making the application process successful?

5) What countries are easier for Indians to get visas from?

6) Is there an interview process? How does that go? How hard is it to get a UK, EU, or US visa?

7) What did they do to save up for their trip?

8) How do they stick to a budget when they travel?

9) Has traveling changed their perspective on everything? What would they tell people/friends back home?

10) What is one thing they know now that they wish they knew when they started traveling?

3. Practice English by listening to the video “Do you remember a good travel experience? ” on http: //www.elllo.org/video/1101/V1127-Generous.htm and then aswering the quiz.

At The Airport

Read the dialogue.

Passport control

- Helen, the passport control officer will ask you for your passport. Produce it, please.

- Oh, yes, here it is. I believe he will ask us where we are going to.

- That’s right. Besides he will be interested to know how long you are going to stay here. -

- I am obliged to answer all questions. Is that so?

- No doubt. You will have to tell the passport control officer about the purpose of your visit. -

- Anything else?

- Nothing else. They are usually very polite.

- Will he ask me about the visa I have?

- Sure, he can. He’ll be interested to know if you have a tourist visa, or a multiple entry and exit visa or an exchange one.

- But I have an immigration visa. It has been recently granted to me. I’m not going to extend it. - O.K. Don’t be nervous. Everything will be fine.

- Is that all?

- No, after the passport control you’ll go through the customs control at the customs area.

— Can I have your ticket, please?

— Certainly, here you are.

— How much luggage do you have?

— Two suitcases. This small bag is my hand luggage.

— That’s fine.

— Can I have a seat next to the window?

— I’ll check. Yes, that’s OK. Here’s your boarding pass. Have a nice flight.

— Thank you. And where is passport control?

— Over there. Follow the signs.

— Can I see your passport, please?

— Of, course. Here you are.

— Thank you very much. That’s fine.

At the Customs

1 (Speakers: 2 passengers)

- Have you filled in the immigration card?

- Yes. Have you?

- I don’t need to. It’s only for non-British citizens.

- Oh, yes, of course. Is this the way?

- No, I go through here – «British Passport», you see. I’m afraid you have to go over there. It says «Commonwealth and EEC Passports».

- All right. See you outside the baggage claim area.

2 (Speakers: a customs officer and a passenger)

- Can I see your passport?

- Certainly, here it is.

- Have you anything to declare?

- Nothing.

- What’s the purpose of your visit?

- I’m attending a conference in London.

- Well, would you mind opening this bag, please.

- There you are.

- Thank you. Right. That’s all. You can go through now.

- Thank you.

III. Travel The World

Countries

Австралия Australia

Австрия Austria

Англия England

Бельгия Belgium

Бразилия Brazil

Венгрия Hungary

Германия Germany

Голландия Holland

Греция Greece

Дания Denmark

Египет Egypt

Индия India

Ирландия Ireland

Испания Spain

Италия Italy

Канада Canada

Китай China

Мексика Mexico

Нидерланды (the) Netherlands

Новая Зеландия New Zealand

Норвегия Norway

Польша Poland

Португалия Portugal

Россия Russia

Соединённое Королевство (the) United Kingdom

Соединённые Штаты (the) United States

Турция Turkey

Уэльс Wales

Франция France

Швейцария Switzerland

Швеция Sweden

Шотландия Scotland

Япония Japan

Adjectives

австралийский Australian

австрийский Austrian

американский American

английский English

бельгийский Belgian

венгерский Hungarian

голландский Dutch

греческий Greek

датский Danish

индийский Indian

ирландский Irish

испанский Spanish

итальянский Italian

канадский Canadian

китайский Chinese

немецкий German

норвежский Norwegian

польский Polish

португальский Portuguese

русский Russian

турецкий Turkish

уэльский Welsh

французский French

шведский Swedish

швейцарский Swiss

шотландский Scottish

японский Japanese

Continents

Африка Africa

Азия Asia

Европа Europe

Северная Америка North America

Южная Америка South America

Южная Африка South Africa

Seas and Oceans

Атлантический океан (The) Atlantic Ocean

Балтийское море (The) Baltic (Sea)

Индийский океан Indian Ocean

Северное море North Sea

Северный Ледовитый океан Arctic Ocean

Средиземное море Mediterranean (Sea)

Тихий океан Pacific (Ocean)

Чёрное море Black Sea

Geographic terms

восток (the) east

запад (the) west

север (the) north

Северный полюс North Pole

тропический tropical

экватор equator

юг (the) south

Южный полюс South Pole

English-speaking Countries

English is the third most spoken native language worldwide, after Chinese and Hindi, with some 380 million speakers. It is the official language in 71 sovereign states and territories with the total population of 2, 135 million people. Among them are the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Canada, India, Pakistan, the Philippines, South Africa and many others. In the UK and the USA there is no law about the official language, and English is the official language there de facto. There are some countries, too, where English is the major language, that is, it is the native language of the overwhelming majority of the population; these countries include the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and some others. The two most important English-speaking countries are, of course, the UK and the USA.

(a)The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles, off the northern coast of Europe. The British Isles consist of two large islands: Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. Their total area is about 244, 000 square kilometers.

The British Isles are separated from the Continent by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. The western coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea; the eastern coast is washed by the North Sea.

The population of the country is over 57 million people. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast respectively. In everyday speech 'Great Britain' is used in the meaning of 'the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The country is also referred to as Britain, England or the UK. The capital of the UK is London, with the population of about 7.5 million people (about 13 million people in Greater London, that is London with the suburbs).

The surface of the country varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called Highlands. The south, which abounds in beautiful valleys and plains, is called Lowlands. The north of England is mountainous, while the eastern, central and south-eastern parts of England are a vast plain. Mountains are not very high, with Ben Nevis in Scotland as the highest mountain (1, 343 m). There are a lot of rivers in the UK, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of the British Isles which is mild the whole year round.

The UK is a constitutional monarchy. This means that the country is governed by the Parliament and the Queen is Head of State. The legislative power in the country is exercised by the Houses of Parliament which consist of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords is composed of hereditary peers and peeresses. The members of the House of Commons are elected by people from the constituencies in the four parts of the country. The House of Commons is the real governing body of the country. The executive power is exercised by Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government is usually formed by the political party which has the majority in the House of Commons. Prime Minister is the majority party leader appointed by the Queen. Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; 20 of them form the Cabinet. The most important parties in the UK are the Conservative and the Labour Party.

The judicial branch of the government is represented by the system of courts. There is no written Constitution in Great Britain, only precedents and traditions. The national flag of the country is Union Jack.

The UK is a highly developed industrial and agrarian country. It produces and exports machinery, electronics, railroad equipment, aircraft, textile. One of the chief industries is shipbuilding. Though the country is not rich in mineral resources, it is one of the world's leading economies. The country also must import about 40 % of its food supplies. Financial sector is the most important one in the economy of the country, 70 % of the country's population work there. Britain's most important agricultural products include wool and dairy products. The main industrial and commercial areas are cities.

When I think about British people, I normally recollect two things: British national character and British holidays and traditions.

The British are famous for being conservative, reserved, punctual, friendly to strangers and polite. They are famous for their love to compromise, too. I think some of these traits may be explained by the island location — for example, their conservatism, friendliness to strangers and politeness. Partially due to this location, the British Isles have not been invaded since the Norman Conquest in the 11th century, and the British people were not afraid of strangers. The influence of foreign lifestyles was very small, too, that is probably why they are conservative.

The British have a lot of holidays and celebrations. Many of them are celebrated throughout the world because of their Christian origin. Christmas Day and Boxing Day, Shrove Tuesday (Pancake Day), Good Friday and Easter are all Christian holidays, or are based on a combination of pagan and Christian traditions. Another group of British holidays include holidays celebrated in English-speaking countries — Mothering Sunday, April Fool's Day, May Day, Hallowe'en, the New Year.

British people are known to keep up a lot of traditions in their daily routines. For example, they prefer living in their own houses, they are fond of gardening, keeping pet animals, spending holidays on the seaside and playing cricket, darts and golf. They like going to pubs, being members of all sorts of clubs and having five o'clock tea. I believe the pub is the most peculiarly British tradition, as the pub is still the centre of social life in towns and city suburbs. Though television at home is a strong competitor in spending leisure time, many people still go to pubs to communicate with their neighbours and friends. Nevertheless, the importance of the pub as the centre of social life in a locality is decreasing.

(b) The USA

The USA comprise fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2), the United States is the third largest country by total area.

The capital of the United States is Washington, D.C., commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washington on the country's Pacific coast. The District has a resident population of 599, 657; because of commuters from the surrounding suburbs, its population rises to over one million during the workweek. The most populous city in the USA is New York City. As a leading global city, New York exerts a powerful influence over global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. The city's 2008 estimated population exceeded 8.3 million. Some other large cities in the USA are Los Angeles and Chicago.

The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. Aside from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. The culture held in common by most Americans is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa.

The United States population is projected by the U.S. Census Bureau to be 309, 411, 000, including an estimated 11.2 million illegal immigrants. In 2009, 1.1 million immigrants were granted legal residence. The United States has a very diverse population. White Americans are the largest racial group; German Americans, Irish Americans, and English Americans constitute three of the country's four largest ancestry groups. African Americans are the nation's largest racial minority. Asian Americans are the country's second largest racial minority; the two largest Asian American ethnic groups are Chinese American and Filipino American. There are 46.9 million Americans of Hispanic descent. Minorities (all those beside non-Hispanic, non-multiracial whites) constitute 34% of the population.

English is the national language. In 2006, about 224 million, or 80% of the population aged five years and older, spoke only English at home. Spanish, spoken by 12% of the population at home, is the second most common language and the most widely taught second language. In Hawaii, both Hawaiian and English are official languages. Louisiana has laws providing for the use of both English and French.

The United States is officially a secular nation; the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the free exercise of religion. According to a 2007 survey, 78.4% of adults identified themselves as Christian. Protestant denominations accounted for 51.3%, while Roman Catholicism, at 23.9%, was the largest individual denomination. The total reporting non-Christian religions in 2007 was 4.7%. The leading non-Christian faiths were Judaism (1.7%), Buddhism (0.7%), Islam (0.6%), Hinduism (0.4%), and Unitarian Universalism (0.3%). The survey also reported that 16.1% of Americans described themselves as agnostic, atheist, or simply having no religion.

The United States is a constitutional republic and representative democracy. The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the U.S. Constitution, which serves as the country's supreme legal document. In the American federalist system, citizens are usually subject to three levels of government, federal, state, and local. The federal government is composed of three branches: the Legislative (the bicameral Congress, made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives), the Executive (the president) and the Judicial (the Supreme Court and lower federal courts). The United States has operated under a two-party system for most of its history. The major parties are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The Democrat Barack Obama is currently the 44th U.S. president.

The United States has a mixed capitalist economy, which is fueled by abundant natural resources, a well-developed infrastructure, and high productivity. The country has the largest national GDP in the world. The United States is the largest importer of goods and third largest exporter. It is the third largest producer of oil in the world, as well as its largest importer. Also, it is the world's number one producer of electrical and nuclear energy, as well as liquid natural gas, sulfur, phosphates, salt, corn and soybeans. The New York Stock Exchange is the world's largest by dollar volume. The American brands Coca-Cola and McDonald's are the two most recognised brands in the world.

Vocabulary. Read and memorize the following words and phrases.

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