The Present Continuous (Progressive) Tense

Настоящее продолженное время

Формообразование

• Настоящее продолженное время (Present Continuous) образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в Present Simple (am, are, is) и причастия настоящего времени смыслового глагола (четвертая форма глагола с окончанием —ing).

Подлежащее + to be + Ving

Утвердительное предложение

Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение	Обстоятельство
места	времени
I	am reading	a book		now (at the moment)
You We They	are reading	a book.
He She It	is reading	a book.

Ex.: I am doing it well. We are thinking about it. She is walking in the park at the moment.

В вопросительных предложениях глагол to be в нужной форме ставится перед подлежащим.

Вопросительное предложение

Вспомогательный глагол	Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение	Обстоятельство
места	времени
Am	I	reading	a book		now (at the moment)?
Are	you we they	reading
Is	he she it	reading

Ex.: Am I doing it well? Are you thinking about it? Is she walking in the park?

В отрицательных предложениях отрицательная частица not ставится после глагола to be в нужной форме.

Отрицательное предложение

Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение	Обстоятельство
места	времени
I	am not reading	a book		now (at the moment).
You We They	are not reading	a book
He She It	is not reading	a book

Ex.: I am not doing it well. You are not thinking about it. She is not walking in the park.

Употребление

• Present Progressive может выражать:

1. Действие, происходящее в момент речи.

Ex.: The kids are watching the new cartoons now. – Сейчас дети смотрят мультики.

This team is playing very well today.- Сегодня эта команда играет очень хорошо.

I can't understand what you are doing. – Не могу понять, что ты делаешь.

It is still raining. – Дождь все еще идет.

2. Действие, охватывающее некоторый период времени в настоящем.

Ex.: She is working too hard this term. – В этом семестре она очень усердно работает.

No ice-cream for me. I am slimming . – Никакого мороженого для меня. Я худею.

Nelly is studying at University. – Нелли учится в Университете.

She is writing her diploma now. – Она сейчас пишет дипломную работу.

4. Эмоционально окрашенную характеристику лица. Как правило, это отрицательная оценка, выражающая раздражение говорящего:

Ex.: Не is always chewing. – Он все время жует.

She is constantly talking about money. – Она постоянно говорит о деньгах.

Why are you always losing your things? – Почему ты все время теряешь свои вещи?

Для таких предложений характерно употребление наречий always, constantly.

Примечание 1. Глаголы be, look, feel могут употребляться в длительной форме для выражения действия в какой-то конкретный момент. В современном английском языке практически стало нормой.

Ex.: I am feeling better today. – Сегодня я чувствую себя лучше.

Little Nick is being difficult this week. – Малыш Ник очень плохо себя ведет на этой неделе.

You are looking rather strange. – Ты выглядишь довольно-таки странно.

Are you all right? – Ты в порядке?

4. Заранее запланированное действие, которое произойдет в ближайшем будущем. Употребляется с глаголами движения: move, come, go, leave, return, start.

Ex.: We are leaving tomorrow. – Мы уезжаем завтра.

The show is starting soon. – Представление скоро начинается.

They are returning next month. – Они возвращаются в следующем месяце. Are you moving to the new flat? – Вы переезжаете в новую квартиру?

5. Действие в процессе, которое происходит одновременно с другим действием (в Рresent Simple). Это время употребляется в придаточных предложениях времени и условия после союзов: when, while, as long as, if, in case, unless.

Ex.: David always talks when he is eating. – Дэвид все время болтает, когда ест.

Watch traffic lights when you are crossing the road. – Смотри на светофор, когда переходишь улицу.

Try not to make noise when you are drinking tea. – Старайся не шуметь, когда пьешь чай.

My father never talks when he is driving. – Мой отец никогда не разговаривает, когда ведет машину.

Это время употребляется со следующими наречиями: always, now, at the moment, constantly, right now, still.

Примечание 2. Глаголы see, hear, understand могут употребляться в длительной форме для выражения сильных эмоций, обычно в языке художественных произведений.

Ex.: I can't believe what I'm hearing and seeing. – Не могу поверить в то, что слышу и вижу.

Am I understanding you correctly, my dear? – Я правильно понимаю тебя, моя дорогая?

Вопросы по теме:

1. Как образуется настоящее продолженное время английского языка?

2. Назовите основные случаи употребления настоящего продолженного времени.

3. Назовите глаголы, которые не могут использоваться в настоящем продолженном времени.

4. Какие глаголы чувственного восприятия и умственной деятельности могут употребляться в настоящем продолженном времени?

5. Назовите основные наречия, употребляемые в настоящем продолженном времени.

Упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык и объясните употребление the Present Continuous Tense.

1. He looked at her. ‘You are shaking. Are you all right? ’

2. The rain is just beginning.

3. You can`t talk to him. He is having dinner.

4. It is snowing. Don`t go out.

5. He isn`t playing football this season.

6. ‘I`m sorry’, I said. ‘I`m being clumsy’.

7. Hello. Are you enjoying the party?

8. His French is getting better.

9. You are forgetting yourself, young man.

10. He isn`t doing very well at school, is he?

11. He frowned at her. ‘Being funny? Or are you trying to pretend nothing`s going on? ’

12. I`m revising for my spring English exam. Please try not to bother me.

13. My friends are coming next week.

14. The tap is running. Can you fix it?

15. I`m having a clear-out. Throwing some rubbish away.

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.

(NOW) 1. Timothy (to feed) his dog. 2. Mr. Jones (to clean) his yard. 3. Nancy (to paint) her kitchen. 4. Our neighbours (to wash) their car. 5. I (to wash) my hair. 6. Who (to fix) your sink? 7. What she (to do) now? – She (to dance). 8. The children (to brush) their teeth. 9. What he (to do) at the moment? – He (to fix) his bicycle. 10. They (to have) a big dinner together. 11. The boys (to run) about in the garden. 12. I (to do) my homework.

Упражнение 3. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную формы к следующим предложениям.

1. The secretary is typing a letter.

2. The sun is shining brightly.

3. The cat is running along the wall.

4. My mother is cooking a meal.

5. My father is reading a book.

6. They are having a German lesson now.

7. Shi is constantly forgetting phone numbers.

8. The doctor is feeling her pulse.

9. She is running home.

10. You are walking too quickly.

11. Margie is typing very fast.

12. You are making a lot of noise.

13. The lecturer is explaining some new material now.

14. The wind is blowing outside.

15. The children are singing a new song.

16. My brother is listening to some new record.

17. You are driving too slowly.

Упражнение 4. Измените следующие предложения согласно образцу.

Образец: He usually has breakfast at seven, but today he is having breakfast at eight.

1. She usually drinks coffee in the morning, but today she … tea.

2. They usually play tennis on Sundays, but today they … football.

3. I usually read books in the evening, but today now I … a newspaper.

4. ‘Usually you skate alone’. – ‘But today I … with my friends’.

5. She usually washes the dishes at night, but tonight she … dishes, she … a book.

6. Brian usually has breakfast very early, but today they … breakfast late.

7. They usually have lunch in the canteen, but today they … lunch in the café.

8. I usually watch TV after dinner, but today I … TV, I … a newspaper.

9. Faith usually drinks tea with sugar, but today she … tea without sugar. She is on a diet.

10. I usually do my morning exercises every day, but today I … my morning exercises. I`m not well.

11. ‘Usually you type your essays’. – ‘Yes, but today I … it. Something`s wrong with my computer’.

12. Martin usually drives to college, but today he ….

Упражнение 5. Задайте вопросы к следующим предложениям, начиная их с вопросительных слов, данных в скобках.

1. They are writing a composition now. (What? Who? )

2. He is translating an English article. (Who? What? What kind of? )

3. The dog is running after a cat. (What? What … after? )

4. He is having dinner in the canteen now. (Who? Where? )

5. She is looking for her glasses. (Who? Where? What … for? Why? )

6. I`m learning this poem by heart. (Who? What? How? )

7. They are building a new school in our street. (What? Where? )

8. She is opening a letter from her mother. (What? What kind of? )

9. She is constantly nagging her husband. (Why? When? )

10. Tony is painting a new picture. (Who? What? )

11. You are talking too fast. (How? Why? )

12. My parents are redecorating our dining-room now, because they never liked its style. (Who? What? Why? )

Упражнение 6. Задайте вопросы к подчеркнутым частям речи в следующих предложениях.

1. It is raining heavily outside.

2. Theyare trying to translate this exercise.

3. He is drinking teain the garden.

4. Cinema audiences are declining now.

5. She`s listening to the rock music.

6. You are trying to persuadehim, but he won`t listen.

7. They`ve moved to a new house and are buyingnew furniture.

8. You are constantly mispronouncing this word, because are inattentive.

9. None of them is taking part in the discussion: they are not ready.

10. Ellen is reading a bookon the veranda.

11. No one is trying to help him: he doesn`t like it.

Упражнение 7. Раскройте скобки, употребив Present Continuous.

1. Look! It (to rain).

2. Why you (not to wear) your coat today? It`s so cold.

3. Excuse me, I (to look for) the post-office. Is there one near here?

4. You (to make) a lot of noise.

5. They (to quarrel) again.

6. He is on holiday. He (not to work) today.

7. You (to read) any English books now?

8. They (to have) an English lesson. The teacher (to write) new words on the blackboard and (to explain) their meanings. The students (to sit) at the tables and (to make) notes. Through the window we see the school yard. The school children (to run about) there. They (to have) an interval between their lessons.

9. What you (to talk) about?

10. Jim (to take) his driving test now.

11. ‘What you (to do) at the moment? Can you help me with my project? ’ – ‘Oh, I`m busy just now. I (to fix) my mixer. But if you can wait…’ – ‘es, I can. We (to write) several projects this semester. I don`t know what to do about this one’.

12. ‘What you (to play)? Is it something that I know? ’ – ‘It`s mine’. – ‘You (to play) wonderfully.’

13. ‘What Tom (to do)? Why he (not to practice)? ’ – ‘He (to have) some rest.’

14. I constantly (to forget) things.

15. What you (to wait for)? Why you (to sit) here?

16. What Barry (to try) to get at?

17. ‘Stop making that noise! ’ – ‘And what you (to do)? ’ – ‘I (to try) to get some sleep! ’

Упражнение 8. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuousили в Present Simple.

1. Your sister (to rest) now? Your sister (to rest) after school? ”

2. I (not to sleep) now. I (not to sleep) in the daytime.

3. At the moment they (to go) to the river for a swim. They usually (to go) to the river for a swim.

4. You (to work) now? You (to work) every day?

5. She (to play) the violin now. She (to play) the violin every day.

6. What you (to do) now? What you (to do) every morning?

7. We (to drink) tea now. We (to drink) tea every morning.

8. They (to go) to school now. They (to go) to school every morning.

9. What your brother (to drink) now? What your brother (to drink) in the evening.

10. They (not to eat) now. They (not to eat) at the lesson.

11. He (to play) now? He (to play) in the afternoon?

Упражнение 9. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или в Present Simple.

1.They (to eat) now? They (to eat) at school?

2. I (to take) my sister to school now. I (to take) her to school every day.

3. We (not to watch) TV now. We (not to watch) TV in the morning.

4. I (to read) now. I (to read) every day.

5. What you (to read) now? What you (to read) after dinner?

6. She (not to drink) coffee now. She (not to drink) coffee after lunch.

7. He (to help) his father now. He (to help) his father very often.

8. Where they (to go) now? Where they (to go) on Sunday?

9. My mother (not to work) now? My mother (not to work) at an office.

10. They (to speak) English now? What language they usually (to speak)?

Упражнение 10. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Кто сейчас сдает экзамен? – Моя подруга.

2. Почему Вы не смотрите телевизор? – Я готовлюсь к занятиям.

3. У тебя все еще дрожат руки.

4. Вечно она со всеми ссорится!

5. Он работает теперь в другом месте и дела у него идут хорошо.

6. Что делает твой племянник? – Он работает в саду.

7. Почему она плачет? – Я не знаю. Я стараюсь успокоить ее.

8. Откуда Вы идете? – Из магазина.

9. У них сейчас урок немецкого языка.

10. Мы сидим у окна, ярко светит солнце, мимо нашего дома спешат люди…

11. Студенты слушают объяснения преподавателя.

12. Куда Вы спешите?

13. Что ты ищешь? – Я ищу свои часы?

14. Почему ты всегда ворчишь?

15. Что ты о нем думаешь? – Я думаю, что он хороший собеседник.

16. О чем ты думаешь? – Я думаю о каникулах.

17. Сколько глав в этой книге? – Десять. Сейчас я читаю седьмую вы хотите взять ее? – Да, если можно.

18. Он ведет себя ужасно.

19. Я надеюсь, что он не опоздает.

20. Сейчас мы подходим к церкви XIV века. Каждый год тысячи туристов приезжают в наш город, чтобы полюбоваться ею.

Самостоятельная работа

Задание № 1. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.

(NOW) 1. John and his friends (to go) to the library. 2. Ann (to sit) at her desk. She (to study geography. 3. A young man (to stand) at the window. He (to smoke) a cigarette. 4. The old man (to walk) about the room. 5. The dog (to lie) on the floor. 6. You (to have) a break? 7. What language you (to study)? 8. Who (to lie) on the sofa? 9. What they (to talk) about? 10. It still (to rain). 11. I (to open) an umbrella. 12. John (to play) computer games.

Задание №2. Задайте все типы вопросов к следующим предложениям.

1. Albert is doing quite nicely in his business.

2. All the town is talking about this story.

3. We are discussing what can be done about this situation.

4. He is working on some kind of invention.

5. You are eating too much.

6. I am having dinner now.

7. Aunt Betty is talking to the butcher in the kitchen.

8. He is being somewhat strange today.

9. Liz is trying to fix her washing machine.

10. My parents are talking about Fred`s new car.

11. I am dreaming about summer.

12. Archie is always talking about his baby son.

13. We are trying to talk Ron out of it.

Задание № 3. Раскройте скобки, употребив Present Continuous.

1. In a bed in the corner of the room her little boy (to lie) ill. He has a fever, and (to ask for) oranges. His mother has nothing to give him, so he (to cry). (O. Wilde)

2. We (to be) all truthful now, we (not to be)? (O. Wilde)

3. Robert: I (to wait) for your explanation (J.B. Priestly)

4. Robert: I (not to say) good-bye to you I don`t know you. I (to say) good-bye to this [indicates her face]. (J.B. Priestly)

5. I (to get) chilled to the bone. (B. Shaw)

6. Whatever you (to do) here? (B. Shaw)

7. They (to use) the telephone. (B. Shaw)

8. I (to behave) myself perfectly. (B. Shaw)

9. You (not to listen) to a word I (to say) … and I (to make) the most delightful plans for your future. (O. Wilde)

10. Olwen: Let`s leave it alone.

Miss Mockridge: … Oh no, I (to enjoy)it – very much. (J.B. Priestly)

Задание № 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив Present Simple или Present Continuous.

1. I (to think) you (to behave) rather foolishly, honey.

2. I (to think) about you behaviour. What you (to think) you (to do)?

3. Your German (to get) better?

4. I (to see) that you (to have) some problems with this computer. Can I be of any help?

5. He (to understand) the rule, but he still (to make) mistakes too often.

6. ‘You (to believe) his story? ’ – ‘Oh no. I never (to believe) him. He always (to tell) lies’.

7. How many parts this text (to consist of)?

8. ‘Listen! You (to hear) that noise? ’ – ‘That`s our neighbours. They (to shout) again. They never (to tire) of it.’ – ‘They always (to shout) like that? ’

9. Now I (to see) everything clearly. You (to try) to swindle. That won`t do!

10. Who this house (to belong) to?

11. ‘Hello there! Where you (to think) you (to go)? ’ – ‘I (to want) to go to the disco.’ – ‘No. you (to do) your lesson now. And I (to mean) it.’

12. ‘Where`s Mom? ’ – ‘She`s in the kitchen. She (to cook) dinner.’ – ‘I (to think) I`ll go and give her a hand.’ – ‘Don`t! she (to be) sulky today. She (not to want) to see anyone.’

13. ‘Why he (to look) so gloomy? ’ – ‘Oh, he (to have) a toothache.’

14. ‘What you (to look) at? ’ – ‘I (to look) at the girl over there. You (not to think) her dress is wonderful? ’

15. ‘What you (to think) about? ’ – ‘I (to think) that I won`t really enjoy the party tonight.’ – ‘You (to say) that I must go alone? You (to go) with me, and that`s that.’

16. ‘Tony (to feel) something`s wrong, but he can`t say what.’ – ‘Well, I (to believe) we`ll soon learn everything.’

17. ‘What we (to wait for)? ’ – ‘We (to wait for) Mother. She (to choose) presents. She (to think) that one of those dresses will do for Jessie, so now she (to look over) them and (to feel) the fabric.’

18. ‘What Esther (to think) about it? ’ – ‘She (to think) it all very strange.’

19. You (to believe) in Santa Claus?

20. Gerry always (to find fault with) me.

21. Your letters (to be) very welcome, but he (to want) to know everything at first hand.

Задание № 5. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Кто пытается Вас обмануть? (Б. Шоу)

2. Элиза: О чем же тогда речь?

Хиггинс: Я пытаюсь выразить, насколько я презираю коммерческий подход к жизни (my contempt for commercialism) (Б. Шоу)

3. Хиггинс: О чем же мы спорим? (Б. Шоу)

4. Миссис Хиггинс: Экипаж ждет, Элиза. (Б. Шоу)

5. Чего же мы ждем? – Мы ждем маму. (Дж. Даррелл)

6. Дорогой мой, я не принижаю твоих достоинств. (Дж. Даррелл)

7. О, я замечательно провожу время! (Дж. Даррелл)

8. Ты предаешь своих друзей или ты угрожаешь нам? Почему ты рассказываешь нам об этом? – Я просто пытаюсь избежать неприятностей. (Дж. Р.Р. Толкин)

Test 2

1. Найдите правильный вариант заполнения пробела:

1. … is someone who lifts weight called?

a) Who b) What

2. … do you want to go there?

a) Where b)When

3. … luggage are you going to take?

a) How many b) How much

4. … way should we go, up the hill or along the river bank?

a) Which b) What

5. … makes you nervous? — The traffic downtown

a) Who b) What

6. … is the depth of this pool?

a) What b) How

7. … is the weather like in Mexico City in spring?

a) How b)What

8. … should we go before we find a place to stop and rest for a while?

a) What far b) How far

9. … books did you read last semester?

a) Who's b) Whose

10. … do we have to go at two o'clock?

a) Where b) When

2. Из предложенных вариантов ответа выберите правильный:

1. … likes westerns? Brenda and John.