Exercise. 21 Образуйте Present Perfect Continuous Tense от глаголов в скобках.

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She… has been living... with us since then (live)

1. How long... the children... (play)?

2.He is tired. He... all day. (dig)

3. She... at this school for twenty years. (teach)

4. He... experiments for a year. (make)

5. What... you... with yourself lately. (do)?

6. I think she... lies as usual. (tell)

7. I... myself that question for many years.(ask)

Exercise 22. Вставьте подходящее наречие времени из списка.

Since, all morning, already, how long, for. ever, yet, so far, just, always

The baby has been crying...all morning...

1. Simon hasn't started school

2. She has ___ washed the clothes, so they are still wet.

3. Martha has______wanted to go to Mexico.

4. She has been ill ______ a week.

5. ______ has he been at home?

6. It's very early, but Richard has _____ gone to work.

7. I've sent ten party invitations..______

8. I haven't spoken French______ 1990.

9. Have you _____ appeared on television?

MODULE 3 - Reading

Part 1

Reading 1

Exercise 1: Match the words with their meanings. - Соедините слова с их значениями.

a) continent b) to develop c) rain d) fog e) mountain f) valley g) capital h) to be situated i) to separate j) parliament

1. An important town or city where the central government of a country is. 2. A large mass of land surrounded by sea. 3. To grow or gradually change into a larger, stronger, or more advanced state. 4. Cloudy air near the ground which is difficult to see through. 5. A very high hill. 6. The group of people who are elected to make a country's laws and discuss important national affairs. 7. Water that falls in small drops from clouds in the sky. 8. To divide into different parts. 9. To be in a particular place or position. 10.An area of land between two lines of hills or mountains, usually with a river flowing through it.

Exercise 2: Read the text – Прочитайте текст

Great Britain

The official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is situated on the British Isles off the northwest coast of Europe. The British Isles consist of two large islands: Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. They are separated from the continent by the English Channel and the Straits of Dover. The west coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea; the east coast is washed by the North Sea.

The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast respectively. The population of the country is over 57 million people.

The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands, while the south, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the Lowlands. The north and the west of England are mountainous, but all the rest - east, centre and south-east - is a vast plain. The mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343 m).

There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the longest river, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one.

The climate of the British Isles is mild the whole year round. But it is not the same in all parts of England. The western part of England is warmer than the east and it also has more rain. England is well known as a foggy country.

The United Kingdom is a monarchy. The Queen is the official head of state. In practice the country is ruled by an elected parliament. The British Parliament has two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. There are three main political parties: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal.

The United Kingdom is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, textile, aircraft and navigation equipment.

Words

aircraft - самолет

chamber – палата

Conservative party – консервативная партия

English Channel – Ла-Манш

House of Commons –Палата Общин

House of Lords – палата Лордов

majority – большинство

Strait of Dover – Дуврский пролив

valley – долина

vast – обширный

Exercise 3: Answer the questions – Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the official name of the country?

2. What parts does it consist of?

3. Where is the country situated?

4. What divides it from the continent?

5. Is Britain mountainous? Where are the mountain areas in Britain?

6. What British rivers do you know?

7. Why is the British climate mild? Does it vary?

8. Who rules Britain officially? And unofficially?

9. Why is the United Kingdom known as a highly developed industrial country?

Exercise 4: Подберите правильное окончание к каждому предложению.

Например: 1f

1. The official name of the country is …. 2. The British Isles consist of two large islands: ……. 3. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: ……. 4. The population of the United Kingdom is ……. 5. The capital of Wales is ……. 6. The capital of Scotland is ….. 7. The Severn is …… 8. The Thames is …… 9. The United Kingdom is ……. 10. The Queen is ……

a) England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. b) Cardiff. c) the longest river. d) the official head of state. e) Edinburgh. f) the United Kingdom of great Britain and Northern Ireland. g) over 57 million people. h) a monarchy. i) Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands. j) the deepest and the most important river.

Exercise 5: Образуйте сравнительные степени прилагательных.

1. long

2. beautiful

3. warm

4. deep

5. important

6. good

7. bad

Reading 2

Exercise 1: Match the words with their meanings. - Соедините слова с их значениями.

a) kangaroo b) state c) iron d) government e) continent f) island g) coast h) coal i) arrive j) monarchy

1. A large mass of land surrounded by sea. 2. An Australian animal that moves by jumping and carries its babies in a pouch. 3. To get to the place you are going to. 4. A country considered as a political organization. 5. The area where the land meets the sea. 6. A piece of land completely surrounded by water. 7. A common hard metal that is used to make steel. 8. A black mineral which is dug from the earth and burnt to produce heat. 9. A system in which a country is ruled by a king or queen. 10. The group of people who govern a country.

Exercise 2: Read the text – Прочитайте текст

Australia

Australia is situated in the south-west of the Pacific Ocean. The capital of Australia is Canberra. Canberra is an international city full of offices. It's a beautiful place, with parks, lakes, big streets and buildings. The official language of the country is English. Australia is the largest island in the world and it is the smallest continent. Kangaroo is the symbol of Australia.

It is supposed that Australian's native inhabitants, the Aborigines, arrived in Australia at least 40.000 years ago. The first Europeans visited Australia in 1606. The Spanish ship of Luis Vaes de Torres sailed through the strait which now bears his name and separates Australia and Papua New Guinea.

Australia is a self-governing federal state. The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of 6 former colonies: New South Wales (with its capital in Sydney), Victoria (with its capital in Melbourne), Queensland (with its capital in Brisbane), Western Australia (with its capital in Perth), Tasmania (with its capital in Hobart), South Australia (with its capital in Adelaide).

There are different kinds of fish and more than 300 kinds of coral in the Great Barrier Reef on the coast of Queensland. Tropical fruits and flowers grow on its beautiful islands.

Tasmania is a small island. It often rains in winter and in summer there. A large part of this island is covered with forests. New South Wales has Blue Mountains. They are covered with forests of blue colored eucalyptus trees. South Australia includes Lake Eyre and the Flinders Ranges. It is the main source of opals. It also produces most of the wine and brandy consumed in Australia. Western Australia with its capital Perth has three deserts: Great Sandy, Gibson and Great Victoria.

Before real roads and railways came, the Murrey River carried people and goods from the east up into the country.

Australia is rich in gold, silver, iron, coal and many other precious metals. Also it is reach in coal, petroleum and uranium. A vast diamond deposit was found in Western Australia.

Though Australia is a constitutional monarchy formally, its chief of state is the British monarch, represented by the governor-general. In reality it is a parliamentary state with two legislative houses. The head of the government is the prime minister.

Words

Desert -пустыня

Goods - товары

precious metals – драгоценные металлы

petroleum – нефть

native inhabitants – местные жители

Exercise 3: Answer the questions – Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the national symbol of Australia?

2. When did Australian’s native inhabitants arrive in Australia?

3. When did the first Europeans visit Australia?

4. What are the main parts of the country?

5. What part of Australia is the main source of opals?

6. What deserts are there in Western Australia?

7. What natural resources does Australia have?

8. Who is the head of the government?

9. Is Australia a constitutional monarchy?

Exercise 4: Are these statements true or false? – Истинны или ложны данные

высказывания?

1. The official language of the country is French

2. The symbol of Australia is kangaroo.

3. The first Europeans arrived in Australia at least 40.000 years ago.

4. English Channel separates Australia and Papua New Guinea.

5. The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of 6 former colonies.

6. Tasmania is a small island with its capital in Sydney.

7. South Australia is the main source of opals.

8. Great Sandy is a desert in Western Australia.

9. Australia isn’t rich in petroleum.

10. The British monarch is the head of the government.

Exercise 5: Образуйте название национальности от названия страны.

1. Russia

2. Australia

3. Spain

4. Europe

5. Britain

Reading 3

The Civil War

In the 1850s, the USA was a country of very different regions. The north-east was its main industrial region. In the north-west, independent-minded farmers were increasing in number and in the south there was a system of plantation agriculture, in decline in some areas, but increasing where cotton was grown. The economies of these regions varied a great deal. The North's was based on wage labor, while the South's was based on slavery. Gradually, two separate social systems developed and tensions between the North and South began to grow.

In about the middle of the 19th century, politics in the USA started to change. New political parties appeared which appealed to the interests of one section of society but not the other. Then as the cities of the North became richer and more powerful, large numbers of people began to take part in politics. Throughout the country men began to take an interest in politics, as constitutional issues were debated around the nation.

One such issue was the Dred Scott case. Dred Scott was a slave who, in 1857, went to court to gain his freedom. The Supreme Court ruled that, as a black man, he had no rights, and he was forced to remain a slave.

There was an economic depression at the end of the 1850s, in which the South suffered worse than the North, and tensions and resentment continued. In 1860 the presidential election was won by Abraham Lincoln. He was a fierce Abolitionist - an opponent of slavery - for moral reasons, and the President that the Southern politicians disliked the most. They believed that his opinions and policies would bring about the economic ruin of the South.

Although the war did not actually break out until 1861, three events made it unavoidable. They were: the Dred Scott case, which heightened feelings against slavery; the economic depression, which increased mistrust between the North and South; and the election of President Lincoln, the last straw for the South. One year after his election, the South seceded from the union, and the Civil War began. Exercise 1: Answer the questions – Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What kind of country was the USA in the 1850s?

2. How did the economies of these regions vary?

3. Why did the politics in the USA start to change in the middle of the 19th century?

4. When did Abraham Lincoln win the presidential election?

5. Why did the Southern politicians dislike Abraham Lincoln?

6. What were the main causes of the Civil War?

Exercise 2: Choose the best title for each paragraph – Выбрать подходящий заголовок для

каждого абзаца

Paragraph 1

A Divisions in the country

B Slavery

C Plantation agriculture

D The industrial north

Paragraph 2

A Constitutional issues

B Political parties

C Debate

D Changing politics

Paragraph 3

A No slavery

B 1857

C The Supreme Court decision

D Morals

Paragraph 4

A Economic ruin

B Difference of opinion

C New president

D Abolition

Paragraph 5

A Depression

B Mistrust

C Main causes of the war

D 1861

Exercise 3: Match the words with the definitions – Соедините слова с их определением

1. independent

2. agree

3. debated

4. secede from

5. increase

a) have the same opinion

b) withdraw from

c) to grow

d) discussed

e) free

MODULE 4 - Writing

Part 1 - CV (Resume)

РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЯ ДЛЯ НАПИСАНИЯ РЕЗЮМЕ

Curriculum vitae (CV)

Британское название - Curriculum vitae (CV), американское название - Resume.

Резюме представляет собой краткие сведения об опыте работы и образовании, а также информацию о профессиональных навыках и умениях, которыми Вы обладаете.

Резюме может состоять из следующих разделов:

1. Имя, фамилия, адрес, телефон. Адрес пишется в следующем порядке:

Дом, улица, квартира

Город, индекс

Страна

2. Цель / Career objective – Указывается та должность, которую Вы хотите получить.

3. Опыт работы / Employment history – Перечисляются все организации, где Вы работали, начиная с последней. Следует указать год начала и окончания работы.

Если вы продолжаете работать в той или иной организации по настоящее время, то

указывается – to present / по настоящее время. Если срок работы на одном месте

меньше года, можно указать месяц начала и окончания работы. Также указывается

полное название организации и занимаемая должность (можно указать, что входило

в Ваши обязанности).

1. Образование / Education – Указывается обучение в высшем и средне-специальном

учебном учреждениях. Как правило, обучение в средней школе не указывается.

Следует отметить год начала и окончания обучения, полное название учебного

заведения, специальность, а также какая ученая степень была получена после

окончания обучения – B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) - бакалавр искусств, B.Sc. (Bachelor

of Science) - бакалавр естественных наук, M.A. (Master of Arts) - магистр

искусств, M.Sc. (Master of Science) - магистр наук.