General and Special Questions

to develop a project, to develop speed, to develop a system, to develop industry, the development of national economy, the development of new equipment, the development of a system, the development of transport.

Ex. 5. Read the sentences and translate them.

1. The railway transport played a very important role in industrial development of Britain during the 19^th and early 20^th centuries.

2. There are plans to open a new high-speed rail line between London, Manchester and Leeds running at up to 180mph. These plans are supported by two political parties.

3. The Trans-Siberian Railway was built according to the project proposed by the Minister of Railways K.N. Posyet (Посьет).

4. The railway bridge across the Amur river represents a solid (прочный) structure of metal and concrete almost 2, 600 m long and 64 m high.

5. Competition between various kinds of vehicles is increasingly intensifying now.

6. Amtrak is the public company (акционерная компания окрытого типа), which operates passengers trains in the US. It was set up by Congress in 1970.

7. The railway has a permanent staff of 1, 500 and in addition, it employs seasonal staff during the summer period.

8. About 11% of the Konkan Railway (India) is laid down in tunnels. These tunnels are equipped with sensors to monitor air contamination, (загрязнение) temperature and visibility.

9. The National Railway Museum is a museum in York, which contains a large collection of old railway carriages and locomotives, including the world speed record holder for steam locomotive, the Mallard. The museum is a branch of the Science Museum in London.

10. A.S. Yartsev suggested using cast iron (чугунные) rails instead of wooden ones in 1788.

11. Over the past 10 years, Spain has built 64 technologically advanced tunnels with a total length of over 170 km. This is part of a program to develop the country’s high speed rail network to decrease journey (поездка) times and increase train speeds.

12. The most state-of-the-art electronic equipment is used for controlling train movement: if changes are necessary, they are made automatically and with lightning speed.

13. A train station is a facility where trains regularly stop to load or unload passengers and/or goods.

14. On some railway lines, the operation of double-deck trains is limited by low bridges and tunnels.

15. The Central Pacific Railroad is a U.S. railroad company established in 1861 by a group of California merchants, including Mark Hopkins and Leland Stanford.

Ex. 6. Complete the sentences with a word from the list.

Ex. 7. Read the sentences, replacing the italicized Russian words with their English equivalents.

1. Современные ticket-vending machines have been недавно installed at the railway station.

2. Railway transport is an important отрасль of industry employing thousands of people.

3. Our company предоставляет free technical поддержку for those buying our computer оборудование.

4. Professor Wilson was invited to speak about the results of his исследования.

5. We asked high school students to принять участие в an anti-drugs campaign.

6. No one wants to принимать на работу somebody who badmouths (=says unpleasant things about) their formerработодателе.

7. Доступ to this confidential information was denied to journalists.

8. The company plans to увеличить its штат to 1, 000 сотрудников.

9. Regular servicing guarantees the smooth работу of the оборудования.

10. Such engineers as Frolov, Yartzev and Polsunov made great contribution (вклад) to the развитие of railway transport in Russia.

11. Различные транспортные средства are used for transporting passengers and freight over long distances.

12. The first suspension bridges (подвесные мосты) were made of six strong cables, four of which поддерживали a platform and two cables served as handrails.

13. Siemens has won a contract to оборудовать China’s first 300km/h line with signaling and communications equipment.

14. At the end of the conference, all the участников were asked to fill out a questionnaire.

15. The track gang (путевая бригада) must inspect a railway track and track сооружения all year round.