Topic vocabulary in contrast. 1. My grandfather made a wealth / fortune by investing at the right time.

A Circle the correct word.

1. My grandfather made a wealth / fortune by investing at the right time.

2. I think you'll find that the Microcar is really very economic / economical to drive.

3. I'm afraid we can only accept the return of the item if you still have the receipt / bill.

4. If you show this coupon at the checkout / discount, you'll receive a free gift.

5. I'm not keen on Justin Timberlake so I'll try to refund / exchange this CD for one by Blue.

6. The assistant called the manager when the note I gave her turned out to be plastic / fake.

7. This unbeatable special offer / bill is only available until the end of the week, so hurry!

8. Excuse me, but I don't suppose you have make / change for a fifty, do you?

9. I went back to the shop a week later, and the price / cash had gone up by 50%!

 

В Complete the crossword.

Across

3. Nine out of ten shoppers who tried our washing powder preferred it to any other leading ….. (5)

6. If the.... situation continues to worsen, the government may have to take steps. (8)

7. You only paid? 30 for such a gorgeous hat? That's a real…..! (7)

9. Businesses are complaining that the..... of labour is rising. (4)

10. This is a robbery! Put all the money from the..... in this sack. Now! (4)

11. I need to find a bank because I didn't bring enough..... out with me. (4)

12. Come to Barons summer.....! Everything is down 30%! (4)

Down

1. If you buy an extra battery at the same time as the digital camera, we can offer you a..... of 10%. (8)

2. Our supermarket stocks over a thousand household..... at low, low prices! (8)

4. When I checked the...... on my way out of the supermarket, I noticed that I had paid twice for the fruit. (7)

5. If you take something back to the shop, you might get a...... or be offered another item instead. (6)

7. Waiter! Do you think you could bring us the......, please? (4)

8. There's very little heavy industry in my country, so we import a lot of ….. from abroad. (5)

 

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1 D

5 R

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2 P

3 B

4 R

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N

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S

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F

6 E

C

O

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O

M

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C

U

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D

E

7 B

A

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8 G

A

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U

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P

L

9 C

O

S

T

T

T

10 T

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D

11 C

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H

12 S

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E

 

Phrasal verbs

С Complete using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box.

look round • come by • make out • put by • get through • bank on • giveaway

1. Of course I'll pay you back next week. You can  bank on  it.

2. Would you please ……. the cheque to Mr P. Edwards?

3. I try to ……. a little money each year to spend on a nice holiday.

4. We ……. a lot of butter in our family every week.

5. Do you fancy coming into town on Saturday to ……. the shops?

6. The robber couldn't explain how he ……. such a large amount of moneywhen the police caught him.

7. Did you hear about the millionaire who ……. his entire fortune to charity?

 

D Write one word in each gap.

A LUCKY FIND

When I was young, we always had to do (1) without a lot of things that other kids had. We lived (2) ….. my dad's wage, which wasn't much, but we managed to get (3) ….... If we needed anything, we would (4) ….. up for it, but there was never very much for luxuries.

Then, one day, I was helping my mum clean out my great-aunt's attic after she died when we came (5) ….. my great-aunt's will! In it, she had left all her money to my mum, and my great-aunt had been very rich! We had suddenly come (6) ….. a fortune!

Life changed after that, I can tell you. We bought a new house and a new car and went on a great holiday to (7) ….. up for all the times we hadn't been able to afford it.

They say money isn't everything, but having money is a lot more fun than not having it!

 

Phrases and collocations

E Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words in each gap.

1. I suggest not spending all your money now so that you'll have some later.               for

What about saving some money for/putting some mone for later?

2. Did your mum gain any money when she sold her business?                                      profit

Did you mum ……. when she sold her business?

3. Not many people want this type of bank account.                                                                 demand

There is ……. this type of bank account.

4. I didn't want to owe Sue money, so I didn't borrow any.                                                     debt

I didn't want Sue, so I didn't borrow any money.

5. You must have paid a lot of money for such a nice engagement ring, Jim!                fortune

A nice engagement ring like that must ……. Jim!

6. Inflation has gone up by 3% this year.                                                                   increase

There has been an ……. 3% this year.

7. You won't have any money if you keep buying CDs.                                                it

You won't have any money if you keep ……. CDs.

8. Don't spend money on hiring a limousine at the airport.                                            expense

Don't go ……. hiring a limousine at the airport.

9. I had to pay £ 50 for breaking the vase in the shop!                                                    charged

They ……. £ 50 for breaking the vase in the shop!

10. A lot of money was stolen from the bank in the robbery.                                        amount

The bank lost ……. in the robbery.

11. I can't afford a holiday this year.                                                                              enough

I don't have ……. on holiday this year.

12. I succeeded through hard work, clever decisions and, finally but importantly, luck. least

I succeeded through hard work, clever decisions and ….. luck.

13. The shoplifter took a packet of crisps without the shopkeeper seeing.                    notice

The shopkeeper didn't       ……. a packet of crisps.

14. I'll go and buy what we need and you start cooking.                                               shopping

I'll go and ……. and you start cooking.

 

Word patterns

F Match to make sentences.

1. I can't believe they charged me                        A. about the economy.

2. The old lady begged me                                   В. that I pay back my loan immediately.

3. I'll never forget                                                 С. learning that I had the winning ticket.

4. My dad and my uncle always argue                D. to the girl at the desk and left.

5. I was shocked when the bank demanded        E. for using the hotel pool.

6. We really can't afford                                      F. to buy a new fridge.

7. Debra paid the money                                      G. to give her some money.

 

G Write one word in each gap.

FINANCIAL CRISIS?

Europe is heading for a financial crisis, or so some analysts believe. Although we are spending more money (1) on luxury items and recreation than ever before, it is often money we have borrowed (2) ……..a bank. Banks are willing to lend more and more money (3) ……. us because they profit (4) ……. it by charging us interest.

We are spending money that doesn't really belong (5) ……. us, and few of us save much (6) …… our old age.

 

Word formation

H Each of the words in bold is in the wrong form. Rewrite them correctly.

1. I'd really like to study economy at university. ecomomics

2. Making lots of money from gambling is a great dream, but the real is that most people lose everything. …….

3. One of the biggest problems in the developing world is poor. …….

4. The actress was very expense dressed in an outfit. …….

5. That current affairs programme was so boring - it seemed end. …….

6. You can make your pay at any of over 2000 cash machines around the country. …….

7. The bank manager offered us some financial assist just when we needed it. …….

8. All employees receive a day allowance to cover the cost of meals. …….

9. The company is doing much better finance this year than last. …….

10. There are many problems connected to being extremely wealth. …….

11. I told the manager I thought the increase in prices was totally accept. …….

12. I thought the painting was worth a lot of money, but it turned out to be completely value. …….

13. I'd like to be able to afford the little luxury that make life enjoyable. …….

 

 

Units 21 and 22                            Review

A Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Although too many people in the West do still live in (1) ……, on                POOR

the whole, Westerners are far more (2) …… than those who live in                WEALTH

developing countries. Things that are essential to our (3) …… lives,                DAY

and which we take for granted, such as electricity, are (4)...... to                   LUXURY

millions of people around the world. Is this situation (5) …… or                    ACCEPT

should the West be giving more (6) ……. to developing countries?                 ASSIST

Some politicians and (7) ……. believe that Western financial                         ECONOMY

(8) …… in developing countries would be in everyone's interest.                   INVEST

As those countries get richer, they will become (9) ……. trading                  VALUE

partners with the West. The (10) ……. is, however, that there is                     REAL

an enormous amount of work to be done before people in developing

countries can enjoy the kind of lives that most people lead in the West.

(1 mark per answer)

 

В Match to make sentences.

11. Sharon came                                       A. a little money by each month.

12. I manage to put                                  В. out the cheque to Peardrop Limited, that

13. You can bank                                     would be fine.

14. I don't know how they can get          С. up to buy a new DVD player.

15. If you could make                                          D. into some money when her aunt died.

16. The shop's giving                                E. away free software with every computer.

17. I'm saving                                           F. by on such a low salary.

18. I don't know what we're going to                  G. on now I've lost my job.

                                                                  H. on house prices coming down soon.

(1 mark per answer)

 

C Complete the second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words.

19. I had to pay to park in the supermarket car park!                                          charged

I ……. parking in the supermarket car park!

20. Is this credit card yours?                                                                                belong

Does ……. you?

21. I haven't got much money in the bank.                                                         amount

I've only got ……. money in the bank.

22. Getting the car repaired was so expensive!                                                    fortune

It ……. to get the car repaired!

23. Sophie demanded that the shop assistant apologise to her.                          apology

Sophie demanded ……. the shop assistant.

24. Buying things online means I don't have to go into town so often.             saves

Buying things online  ……. to go into town so often.

25. Don't pay attention to what Dan says; your new shoes are lovely!               notice

Take …… what Dan says; your new shoes are lovely!

26. I haven't got much cash at the moment.                                                       short

I ……. cash at the moment.

27. Can you lend me some money?                                                                     borrow

Can ……. you?

(2 marks per answer)

 

D Choose the correct answer.

28. The shop assistant finally agreed …… a full refund.

A. giving me                     В. to give me

С. give to me                     D. to me to give

29. Bill asked me why …… to go shopping with me.

A. I hadn't invited him     В. hadn't I invited him

С. I hadn't him invited      D. hadn't I him invited

30. Ellie asked Stan ……. to look at the new catalogue.

A. did he want                              В. do you want

С. whether he wants         D. if he wanted

31. Stephen ……. me he'd bought that suit in a sale.

A. said                               В. spoke

С. told                               D. claimed

32. 'What did the man say when you challenged him? '

'He said he ……. pay for the things in his bag, but I didn't believe him! '

A. is going to                    В. has been going to

С. goes to                          D. was going to

33. When I last saw Carrie, she told me she …… of buying a house, but now she's changed her mind.

A. thought                         В. is thinking

С. was thinking                 D. has been thinking

34. 'What did they say when they realised you weren't a shoplifter? '

'They apologized ……. me.'

A. to doubt                       В. they had doubted

С. for doubting                 D. the doubt of

(1 mark per answer)

 

E Choose the correct answer.

35. This car is very …… as it goes so far on one tank of petrol.

A. financial В. economical        С. costly    D. endless

36. I can't believe how cheap these shorts were. They were a real …….!

A. bargain  В. Sale                    С. discount D. offer

37. What …… of car does your mum drive?

A. name     В. brand                С. make     D. form

38. Could you tell me who's in ……. here, please?

A. charge                           С. rule

В. Responsibility               D. organisation

39. I paid the assistant and took the books but then stupidly left the bookshop without waiting for my ……..

A. cash       В. fee                    С. refund   D. change

40. I think she …… her fortune in the shipping industry.

A. took      В. made                 С. won       D. saved

41. I didn't find a new top but at ……. I got some new jeans.

A. less        В. the less              С. Least     D. the least

 (1 mark per answer)

 

 

Unit 23                                                                                                                          Grammar

•   Relative clauses / Participles

( Relative clauses )

• Relative clauses give us extra information about something/someone or identify which particular thing/person we are talking about. They are often introduced by the following words.
Use	Example
which (for things and animals)	Did you see the film which was on TV last night?
who (for people, and animals when we want to give them a personality)	Tom Davies, who is appearing in concert in Reading this week, is with me in the studio.
when (for times)	Do you remember the day when we met?
where (for places)	This is the place where they filmed Citizen Kane.
why (for reasons)	That's the reason why he's so popular.
whom (for people as the object of the relative clause)	Is that the man whom we saw at the cinema yesterday?
whose (for possession)	My next guest on the show is John Travolta, whose career goes back to the early seventies.

WATCH OUT

• When the relative pronoun ( who, which, etc) is the subject of the relative clause, you do not need another subject.

✓ I admire Jude Law, who always works hard on his films.

X   I admire Jude Law, who he always works hard on his films.

• Whom is quite formal. It is natural in informal English to use who instead of whom, even when it is the object of the relative clause. After a preposition, however, we always use whom. Informally, we usually put the preposition at the end of the clause and use who.

✓ Is that the man who we saw at the cinema yesterday?

✓ Charlie Chaplin was a comic genius to whom all comedians owe a great deal.

✓ Charlie Chaplin was a comic genius who all comedians owe a great deal to.

• Where can be replaced by a preposition + which. Less formally, we can put the preposition at the end of the clause.

✓ The theatre where/in which I first acted is somewhere around here.

✓ The theatre which I first acted in is somewhere around here.

• We can do the same thing with when.

✓ Do you know the year when / in which the first western was made?

✓ Do you know the year which the first western was made in?