I. Переведите письменно существительные (1-10).

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Выберите определения (a-j), соответствующие этим существительным:

1. offer a) a company or business, especially one which is quite

small

2. firm b) an amount of money paid to a professional person or

organization for their services

3. purchase c) money that one person, organization, country etc owes

to another

4. refund d) a statement that you are willing to give someone

something or do something for them

5. fee e) the act of buying something

6. loan f) money borrowed from a bank, person etc

7. debt g) a sum of money that is given back to you

8. corporation h) a person, team, company that is competing with

another

9. costs i) a large company or group of companies acting together as a single organization

10. competitor j) the money that a business or an individual must

regularly spend

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

II. В следующих предложениях подчеркните определения, выраженные

Именем существительным, и переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

1. Exchange rates are determined by supply and demand.

2. Only about 5% of the world’s currency transactions are related to trade.

3. The stock price will immediately rise.

III. а) Выполните КОПР № 2, 4.

b) В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое,

Определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Rents will be sufficient to cover costs.

2. Successful companies are becoming market driven, adapting their

products to fit customers’ requests.

3. These measures were designed to strengthen the company’s market position.

IV. В следующих предложениях подчеркните модальный глагол или

Его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Delays in construction could increase costs significantly.

2. The carrier may exercise a lien on the cargo for the unpaid freight.

3. Managers have to measure the performance of their staff.

V. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Рarticiple I и Рarticiple II.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Workers have to be closely supervised and controlled, and told what to do.

2. The electricity bill may be paid in cash or by cheque.

3. The price of shares has risen heavily today.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите абзацы 2, 3.

Advertising

1.Advertising informs consumers about the existence and benefits of products and services, and persuades to buy them. Most companies use advertising agencies to produce their advertising. They give the agency a statement of the objectives of the advertising campaign and a budget. The agency creates advertisements (or ads), and develops a media plan specifying which media – newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio, television, cinema, posters, mail, etc. – will be used and in which proportions.

2. It is always difficult to know how much to spend on advertising. Increased ad spending can increase sales, but many companies just spend a fixed percentage of current sales revenue, or simply spend as much as their competitors. On the other hand, lots of creative and expensive advertising campaigns, including television commercials that lots of people see and remember, and which win prizes awarded by the advertising industry for the best ads, don’t lead to increased sales.

3. Advertising is considered to be important for launching new consumer products. Combined with sales promotions such as free samples, price reductions and competitions, advertising may generate the initial trial of a new product. But traditional advertising is expensive, it doesn’t always reach the target customers. This is why the best form of advertising has always been word-of-mouth advertising: people telling their friends about good products and services.

VII. Определите, является ли утверждение:

a) истинным ( true )

b) ложным ( false )

c) в тексте нет информации ( no information )

1. Advertising always reaches the target customers.

2. Lots of creative and expensive advertising campaigns don’t lead to

increased sales.

3. Companies won’t use advertising in a few centuries.

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

VIII. Прочитайте абзац 1 и ответьте на следующий вопрос:

What do most companies give to advertising agencies?

Вариант 4

I. Переведите письменно существительные (1 - 10). Выберите определения (a – j), соответствующие существительным.

1. rise	a) to increase in amount or number
2. target	b) a return to a normal state of strength or economic activity
3. transaction	1. c) a result that a business or an organization tries to achieve
4. withdraw	d) the profit that a company makes
5. job application	e) a piece of business that is done between two people, especially an act of buying or selling
6. purchase	2. f) the activity of keeping an accurate record of the accounts of a business
7. recovery	g) to take money out of a bank account
8. earnings	3. h) the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in one year
9. bookkeeping	i) formal request, usually in writing, for a job
10.gross domestic product (GDP)	4. j) to buy something

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

II. В следующих предложениях подчеркните определения, выраженные именем существительным, и переведите эти предложения на русский язык.

1. The exchange rate is the amount of one currency needed to buy another currency.

2. A business plan should prove that your business will generate enough revenue to cover your expenses and make a satisfactory return for bankers and investors.

3. Sales promotion can be directed at the consumer, the trade purchaser or the company's sales force.

III. a) Выполните КОПР № 2, 4.

b) В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The IMF is based in Washington, DC, USA and is governed by the 185 countries that are members.

2. The market is rising at the moment.

3. These basic principles have been incorporated into national accounting standards in different ways in different countries.

IV. В следующих предложениях подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. People must choose how best to use their available resources to satisfy the greatest number of wants and needs.

2. Materials can be bought on credit to help finance current expenditure.

3. Business people may borrow money in order to expand their business.

V. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle 2 Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. When drawing up a contract for the sale of goods, it is necessary to give a detailed description of the goods.

2. Signing the letter the manager asked the secretary to send it off at once.

3. Games and competitions are becoming commonplace in promoting sales of a product or service.

VI. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Письменно переведите абзацы 1, 3.

The UK Economy

1. In the UK, the primary sector is made up of farming and energy-related activities. Farming is very mechanized and uses a lot of machinery, producing about 60% of food needs although it employs only 1% of workforce. But many small farms are no longer profitable on global markets with low-cost world producers.

2. Primary energy accounts for about 10% of GDP, one of the highest figures for a developed economy. The UK also has important reserves of oil, gas, and coal. However, this sector is now declining and oil and gas production will fall sharply in the next ten years, making the economy dependent on foreign imports of energy.

3. The secondary sector has continued to suffer from the decline of old heavy industries, like steel, and the closing of mass manufacturing like the car industry. This has created big job losses especially in the north. Despite government support, the sector has decreased from 20% to 15% of GDP over the past twenty years.

4. By contrast, the service sector is booming, benefiting from its highly qualified workforce and the concentration of expertise in the south –east. It now represents over 70% of the total economy with financial services, computing and marketing contributing 30% to GDP. But the success is very dependent on financial markets, and the recent growth has put great pressure on road and retail infrastructure in the south east.

VII. Определите являются ли приведенные ниже утверждения:

a) истинными (true)

b) ложными (false)

c) в тексте нет информации (no information)

1. The energy sector is booming

2. The service sector is very developed. However it is very dependent on financial markets.

3. Future growth will be limited in the short to medium-term.

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

VIII. Прочитайте абзац 1 и письменно ответьте на вопрос:

What are the key industries in the UK primary sector?

Вариант 5

I. Переведите письменно существительные (1-10). Выберете определения (a-j), соответствующие существительным.

1. consumer	a) the exchange of a commodity for money
2. generation	b) the act of making something smaller in size or amount
3. demand	c) a business organization created under a government charter
4. product	d) a group of people of similar age
5. competition	e) what remains after the costs of doing business
6. firm	f) the rivalry among buyers and sellers in the purchase and sale of resources and products
7. profit	g) anyone who uses goods and/or services
8. sale	h) a small organization which sells or produces something
9. corporation	i) the good or service one receives in an exchange
10. reduction	j) a consumer’s willingness and ability to buy a product or service

Занесите свои ответы в таблицу:

1. During the mid-eighties, the USA had a large trade deficit with European Union.

2. Greater Manchester is one of the world’s most compact and crowded metropolitan areas.

3. The paper and printing industry is stable, reflecting Manchester’s status as the second centre of newspaper production in England.

III. a) Выполните КОПР № 2, 4.

b) В следующих предложениях подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Heavy damage from aerial bombing during World War II brought the greatest setback in the history of modern London.

2. Contracts between local purchasing organizations and peasant householders are signed before the agricultural season begins.

3. In different parts of the world many different commodities have served as money.

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