Выполнить письменно контрольную работу № 1.

Уметь читать и устно переводить тексты по специальности; выписать и выучить незнакомые слова к этим текстам.

Контрольная работа №1

Вариант № 1

I. Перепишите предложения, указав время, в котором стоит глагол-сказуемое. Предложения переведите.

1. The criminal justice process will somehow reform or rehabilitate those caught up in it. 2. Explanations of criminal behaviour focus on biological, psychological, social and economic factors. 3. The nature and the severity of the punishment also help us to differentiate grades of crime. 4. The Government is creating a number of exceptions to the concurrence requirement. 5. The law views the protection of property and human life differently. 6. Legislatures also create criminal laws when the public demands protection against “new” crimes and to meet new situations. 7. This case established the universal right to free defense counsel for the poor. 8. Constables performed a variety of duties, including law enforcement functions like serving warrants, making arrests, and testifying in courts. 9. Americans are turning to private policing, contracted for through private security firms.10. Legislators and criminal justice specialists group all crimes into categories distinguished by the harm the crimes entail.

 

II. Сделайте предложения отрицательными.

1. Law serves a variety of functions. 2. Edward III introduced the watch and ward system. 3. Sir Robert Peel established London Metropolitan Police in the 17^th century. 4. All accused persons have a right to counsel under the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. 5. Institutional corrections are 900 years old.

 

III. Задайте общий и специальный вопросы к следующим предложениям.

1. Police work involves danger, stress, discretion in the use of force and constant interaction with people. (What)

2. Not all cases receive equal attention. (Why)

3. The grand jury is one of the oldest institutions of the Anglo-American criminal justice system. (What)

4. Gambling was not illegal in the early days of common law in England. (When)

5. The scientists will explain the relationship between mental disorders and crime in the future. (Who, What)

 

IV. Переведите текст, выписав слова юридической тематики.

 

The Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights (1689) is one of the basic instruments of the British constitution, the result of the long 17^th-century struggle between the Stuart kings and the English people and Parliament. The Bill of Rights provided the foundation on which the government rested after the Revolution of 1688. The
Revolution settlement made monarchy clearly conditional on the will of Parliament and provided a freedom from arbitrary government of which most Englishmen were notably proud during the 18th century.

The main purpose of the act was unequivocally to declare illegal various practices of James II. Among such practices, proscribed were the royal prerogative of dispensing with the law in certain cases, the complete suspension of laws without the consent of Parliament, and the levying of taxes and the maintenance of a standing army in peacetime without specific parliamentary authorization. A number of clauses sought to eliminate royal interference in parliamentary matters, stressing that elections must be free and that members of Parliament must have complete freedom of speech. Certain forms of interference in the course of justice were also proscribed. The act also dealt with the proximate succession to the throne, provided the heirs were Protestants. It is the constitutional paper of great importance, which prevented the sovereign from abusing his authority.

V. Определите грамматическое время всех глаголов во 2-ом абзаце.

 

Вариант № 2

I. Перепишите предложения, указав время в котором стоит глагол-сказуемое. Предложения перепишите.

1. Sociological theories attempt to explain criminal behaviour in terms of group rather than individual factors. 2. The court often uses psychological evaluations such as presentence investigation reports as an aid in imposing appropriate sentence. 3. Prosecutor, Glen Robinson, is making a report about the basic facts of the facts. 4. People between the ages of 18 and 65 are liable for jury service. 5. The initial decision to begin criminal proceedings normally lies with the police of England and Wales. 6. Concern about the potential for use of force against citizens led to the decision to arm the police only with a short wooden baton. 7. The Government is seeking action by the European Community to encourage car manufactures to design their products in such a way as to make it difficult for criminals to steal vehicles or other contents. 8. During the spring of 1996 the city of Gainesville, Florid experienced a dramatic increase in the number of robberies in convenience stores. 9. A foot patrolman on traffic duty saw a car moving slowly but erratically toward him. 10. Most veteran prisoners will agree that jail time is much more difficult to serve than a prison sentence.

 

II. Сделайте предложения отрицательными.

1. Armed robbery is on the increase everywhere. 2. Similarities remain in law, organization and practice of legal systems and law courts in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. 3. He served as a special adviser to the President. 4. Cesare Lombroso suggested psychoanalytic theory of criminal behaviour. 5. Misdemeanor is a serious crime, subject to punishment of one year or more in prison or capital punishment.

 

III. Задайте общий и специальный вопросы к следующим предложениям.

1. A defendant has a right to employ a legal adviser. ( Whom, What)

2. Coroners investigate violent and unnatural deaths or sudden deaths where the cause is unknown. (What cases)

3. The committee repealed the law last year. (When)

4. In Scotland the age of criminal responsibility is eight years. (What)

5. They will accept ignorance of the law as an excuse for breaking it. (Why)

 

IV. Переведите текст, выписав слова юридической тематики.

 

Napoleon's Law

The laws of much of continental Europe.(particularly France), of Quebec in Canada, and of much of Latin America - along with the civil laws of Louisiana - owe their modern form largely to the work of a man who never even studied law. Napoleon Bonaparte, the Corsican soldier who became emperor of France after the French Revolution, established in 1800 five commissions to refine and organise the diverse legal systems of France. The result, enacted in 1804, was the Napoleon's Code.

Some of its original 2, 281 articles were drafted by Napoleon himself, and all were affected by his thinking, even though he was completely self-taught in legal matters. The code was a triumphant attempt to create a legal system that treated all citizens as equals without regard to their rank or previous privileges. It was also so clearly written that it could be read and understood by ordinary people at a time when only Latin scholars could make sense of the earlier laws handed down since Roman times. The code was adopted intact in most of the areas of Europe that Napoleon dominated and spread from there across the Atlantic, taking root particularly in French-speaking American communities. Many of its principles are still in force today.

V. Определите грамматическое время всех глаголов в 1-ом абзаце.

ЧАСТЬ II

UNIT 1

Fingerprinting

Степени сравнения прилагательных

Degrees of Comparison

 

Качественные прилагательные	Положительная the positive degree	Сравнительная the comparative degree	Превосходная the superlative degree
одно- и двусложные на –er, –ow, –y, –e.	young heavy hot simple	younger heavier hotter simpler	the youngest the heaviest the hottest the simplest
многосложные	difficult	more }difficult less	the most }difficult the least
особая группа	good bad many, much little	better worse more less	the best the worst the most the least
имеющие по две формы степеней сравнения, различающиеся по значению и употреблению	far далекий	farther более далекий further дальнейший	the farthest самый дальний the furthest самый далекий
old старый	older старше (по возрасту) elder старше (в пределах одной семьи или по обществ. положен.)	the oldest самый старый the eldest самый старший
near близкий	nearer ближе	the nearest ближайший the next следующий
late поздний	later более поздний latter последний из двух	the latest последний (по врем. появления) the last последний (по порядку)

 

 

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