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III. Read the text below. In fact, there are two texts – A and B mixed together. Choose the sentences belonging to text A and text B.



A 1. Officially Christmas and New Year celebrations run from the 24th of December to the 2nd of January.

B 2. Long live Christmas! - say pickpockets, car thieves and burglars getting their share of Christmas shopping through the dirty business of relieving decent citizens of their fully deserved possessions.

3. However, for many Brits the Christmas marathon starts as early as the beginning of October with the first festive adverts on TV.

4.Every year thousands of people get their wallets stolen in overcrowded shops and streets.

5. Lots of lovely presents, which somebody spent so much time and money on, disappear without a trace when cars and homes are broken into.

6. By the end of November shops are so packed that only the gloomy realization that Christmas is looming and there is nothing you can do about it can make you swap the comfort of a soft sofa and nice cup of tea for big crowds of panic-stricken people.

7. The idea of Christmas shopping is that you spend as much money as you can on anything you cast your eyes on, preferably something neither you nor your family will ever use.

8.As much as 9% of people experience a burglary in December.

9. An average British family spends £ 670 or more around the Christmas period.

10. The money is spent on a Christmas tree, presents, and essential food such as a huge turkey, hun­dreds of mince pies, Christmas cake, ham and lots of nibbles.

11. So what is the solution?

12. Although it is impossible to prevent all thefts, it helps to be careful not to put wallets and presents somewhere where pick-pockets and thieves can see them and to insure houses and cars against burglary.

13. Another big source of spending is Christmas cards with an average British person buying 46 greetings cards per year!

14. It is not unusual for someone to turn Christmas spending into paying debts for the rest of the year.

IV. Read the text below. In fact, there are two texts – A and B mixed together. Choose the sentences belonging to text A and text B.

A 1. It has been predicted that in the next decade developers win have concreted-over the equivalent of 3, 000 Wembley pitches of green urban space.

B 2. The opening part of this short series combines the scientific quest to understand cold with a look at how the ability to freeze items changed the way we live.

3. Matt James, best known as Channel 4's City Gardener, is furious, and this film makes his case with eloquent rage.

4. Though assured in tackling both topics, the result is a film of two halves that are utterly different programmers loosely strapped together by a common theme.

5. Beginning in the 17th century, the first half examines the series of breakthroughs that revealed cold's nature and the relation of heat to work.

6. He visits allotment holders in east London whose plots are being demolished to make way for a footpath to the Olympic stadium (a walkway that will be used for no more than four weeks).

7. He talks to householders bombarded by developers toying to lure them into selling their gardens as sites for new luxury homes, and tree surgeons instructed to cut down healthy, hornless trees by twitchy insurance companies.

8. Experiments by scientific gelatinous - Bacon, Boyle, Lavoisier, Rumford, Carnot, Joule, Kelvin - are recreated or dramatized, and it is noted that air-conditioning and refrigeration were discovered long ago.

9. These are the spaces, he argues, that allow city dwellers to breathe - not just physically but psychologically, too.

10. Then the scene shifts from Europe to 19th century and modern America, talking heads give way to archive footage, and pure science to cold’s commercial use - by ice merchant Frederic Tudor, frozen-food pioneer Clarence Birdseye, and makers of fridges and cooling systems.

11. In the most telling scene, James meets a Midlands councilor who tries to justify a decision to destroy a rare oak ring in order to build an Asda, claiming the trees are poor specimens, damaged, uninteresting.

12. James leaves you in no doubt as to who will be left poorer if cement is allowed to triumph over nature too many times.

13. So marked is the switch towards social history, that anyone tuning in late might wonder if they’ve stumbled on James May’s 20th century.

UNIT 22

UNIT 4 is the most comprehensive. It checks students’ knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, sentence structure and the skills of prediction.

TEXT 1

Read the texts below and decide what part of speech in A, B, C or D best fits each gap in the sentences.

In 332 BC Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia, (1) Egypt. In 305 BC Alexander's general Ptolemy became king of Egypt, and for almost 300 years his (2), the Ptolemies, ruled Egypt. Although Ptolemy was Macedonian by birth and the Ptolemies remained (3) to Greek culture, they were (4) for one of the greatest periods of building and decorating temples in Egypt. The Ptolemies did so to win (5) for their rule from their Egyptian (6). The Ptolemaic dynasty ended when Cleopatn, queen of Egypt, (7) suicide after the Romans (8) her forces at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. The Roman victory marked the end of ancient Egypt as an (9) power.

1. A conquered C conquering
B conquer D conquest

2. A descend C descendible
B descending D descendants

3. A ties C tier
B tied D tiring

4. A responsible C responsibility
B responsibly D responsive

5. A accept C acceptance
B accepted D acceptability

6. A subjects C subjacent
B subjective D subjectively

7. A commitment C committing
B committed D committal

8. A defeatism C defeating
B defeat D defeated

9. A depend C independent
B independence D depending

TEXT 2

Read the texts below and decide what part of speech in A, B, C or D best fits each gap in the sentences.

A number of individual diamonds have become (1), (2) because of their size. The largest of all (3) diamonds is the Cullinan, which was discovered in South Africa in 1905 and was (4) to Edward VII, king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, by the government of the Transvaal. The Cullinan weighed 3, 106 carats before cutting and was pronounced by crystallographers to be a fragment of a (5) larger stone. When the stone was cut, a total of 105 gems were produced, (6) 1, 063 carats in all. The largest of these was a stone called the Star of Africa, the biggest cut diamond in (7), and now set in the British (8) scepter.

1. A famed C famously
B famous D fame

2. A primacy C prime

B primary D primarily

3. A knew C knowing
B known D knowledge

4. A present C presented
B presence D presenting

5. A considerably C considering
B considerable D considered

6. A weight C weighed
B weigh D weighing

7. A exist C existed

B existing D existence

8. A royally C royalty

B royal D royals

TEXT 4


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